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Shloka 21

Aśmagīta: Janaka’s Inquiry on Loss, Kāla, and the Limits of Control (अश्मगीता)

आसन शयनं यानमुत्थानं पानभोजनम्‌ । नियतं सर्वभूतानां कालेनैव भवत्युत,सभी प्राणियोंके लिये बैठना, सोना, चलना-फिरना, उठना और खाना-पीना--ये सभी कार्य समयके अनुसार ही नियत रूपसे होते रहते हैं

āsanaśayanaṁ yānam utthānaṁ pānabhojanam | niyataṁ sarvabhūtānāṁ kālenaiva bhavaty uta ||

Janaka sagt: Für alle Lebewesen geschehen Sitzen, Liegen, Umhergehen, Aufstehen sowie Essen und Trinken in fester Ordnung—allein vom Zeitlauf regiert.

आसनम्sitting (seat/posture)
आसनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआसन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शयनम्lying down, sleeping
शयनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशयन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यानम्going, movement; vehicle/journey
यानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उत्थानम्rising, getting up
उत्थानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउत्थान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पानभोजनम्drinking and eating
पानभोजनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपानभोजन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नियतंfixed, regulated
नियतं:
TypeAdjective
Rootनियत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सर्वभूतानाम्of all beings
सर्वभूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
कालेनby time, through time
कालेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
भवतिhappens, becomes, is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
उतand, also (emphatic particle)
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत

जनक उवाच

J
Janaka
K
kāla (Time)
S
sarvabhūtāni (all beings)

Educational Q&A

That even basic bodily functions and routines are regulated by Kāla (Time) for all beings; recognizing this reduces egoistic doership and supports disciplined, detached living aligned with dharma.

King Janaka is speaking in a reflective, instructive context within the Śānti Parva, emphasizing a philosophical point: ordinary actions like sitting, sleeping, moving, rising, eating, and drinking proceed according to an overarching temporal order.