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Shloka 16

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Remorse and Vyāsa’s Teaching on Impermanence (Śoka-nivāraṇa)

सत्यमाख्याहि राजंस्त्वं यदि जीवति मे सुतः । सत्यमामर्षयन्‌ विप्रो मयि तत्‌ परिपृष्टवान्‌,उस समय गुरुने मुझसे पूछा था--'राजन्‌! सच बताओ, क्या मेरा पुत्र जीवित है?” उन ब्राह्मणने सत्यका निर्णय करनेके लिये ही मुझसे यह बात पूछी थी। उनकी वह बात जब याद आती है तो मेरा सारा शरीर शोकाग्निसे दग्ध होने लगता है

satyam ākhyāhi rājan tvaṃ yadi jīvati me sutaḥ | satyam āmarṣayan vipro mayi tat paripṛṣṭavān |

Yudhiṣṭhira sprach: „Sage mir die Wahrheit, o König—lebt mein Sohn noch?“ Einst stellte mir ein Brāhmaṇa, der ergründen wollte, was die Wahrheit gebietet, genau diese Frage. Sooft ich jener Worte gedenke, ist mir, als würde mein ganzer Leib vom Feuer der Trauer versengt.

सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आख्याहिtell, declare
आख्याहि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-ख्या
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
जीवतिis alive, lives
जीवति:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेmy
मे:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
सुतःson
सुतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आमर्षयन्considering, reflecting on
आमर्षयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-मृष्
Formशतृ (Present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
विप्रःbrahmin
विप्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मयिin me / to me (as locus of questioning)
मयि:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormLocative, Singular
तत्that (matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परिपृष्टवान्asked, inquired
परिपृष्टवान्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-प्रच्छ्
Formक्तवतुँ (Perfect participle active), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
A
a king (addressed as rājan)
A
a brāhmaṇa (vipra)
S
son (suta)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral weight of satya (truthfulness) and the inner suffering that arises when one’s past speech or decisions are recalled in the light of dharma. It frames truth not merely as factual accuracy but as an ethical demand that can haunt the conscience.

Yudhiṣṭhira recalls a moment when a brāhmaṇa, seeking a clear determination of truth, questioned him about whether the brāhmaṇa’s son was alive. The memory of that question—and what it implied for Yudhiṣṭhira’s own conduct—returns as intense grief and remorse.