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Shloka 40

परिव्राजक-आचारः (Conduct of the Wandering Renunciant) — Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 269

पन्थानो ब्रह्मणस्त्वेते एतै: प्राप्नोति यत्परम्‌ तद्‌ विद्वाननुबुद्धयेत मनसा कर्मनिश्चयम्‌,समस्त प्राणियोंपर दया, क्षमा, शान्ति, अहिंसा, सत्य, सरलता, अद्रोह, निरभिमानता, लज्जा, तितिक्षा और शम--ये परब्रह्म परमात्माकी प्राप्तिके मार्ग हैं। इनके द्वारा पुरुष परब्रह्मको प्राप्त कर लेता है। इस प्रकार विद्वान्‌ पुरुषको मनके द्वारा कर्मके वास्तविक परिणामका निश्चय समझना चाहिये

panthāno brahmaṇas tv ete etaiḥ prāpnoti yat param | tad vidvān anubuddhyeta manasā karma-niścayam ||

Kapila sprach: „Dies sind die Pfade, die zu Brahman führen. Durch sie erreicht man das Höchste. Darum soll der Weise mit dem Geist klar erkennen, was die wahre Entschließung und die Folge des Handelns ist.“ In diesem Zusammenhang sind die „Pfade“ ethische Zuchtmittel, die das Verhalten läutern—Mitgefühl gegenüber allen Wesen, Vergebung, Frieden, Gewaltlosigkeit, Wahrhaftigkeit, Geradheit, Nicht-Missgunst, Demut, Schamhaftigkeit, Duldsamkeit und Selbstzucht—als praktische Mittel zur Verwirklichung der höchsten Wirklichkeit.

पन्थानःpaths, ways
पन्थानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपन्थन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ब्रह्मणःof Brahman
ब्रह्मणः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
तुindeed, but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एतैःby these
एतैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
प्राप्नोतिattains, reaches
प्राप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्which (that)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परम्supreme (goal)
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विद्वान्a wise man
विद्वान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनुबुद्धयेतshould understand, should realize
अनुबुद्धयेत:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + बुध्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
मनसाby the mind
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कर्मaction, deed
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निश्चयम्determination, ascertainment
निश्चयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

कपिल उवाच

K
Kapila
B
Brahman (Para-brahman)

Educational Q&A

Ethical virtues are presented as concrete ‘paths’ to realizing Brahman; the wise should mentally discern the true nature and outcome of actions, aligning conduct with compassion, non-violence, truth, humility, forbearance, and self-restraint.

In the Shanti Parva’s instructional setting, Kapila is speaking as a teacher of liberation, summarizing the means to attain the Supreme and urging reflective discernment (manasā) about action (karma) and its decisive import (niścaya).