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Shloka 39

पापात्म-धर्मात्म-लक्षणम् तथा निर्वेदेन मोक्षमार्गः | Marks of the Sinful and the Righteous; Dispassion (Nirveda) as a Path to Liberation

स्त्रिया हि परमो भर्ता दैवतं परमं स्मृतम्‌ तस्यात्मना तु सदृशमात्मानं परमं ददौ,'सत्रीके लिये पति ही परम आदरणीय है, वही उसका सबसे बड़ा देवता माना गया है। मेरी माताने ऐसे पुरुषको आत्मसमर्पण किया है, जो शरीरसे, वेशभूषासे पिताजीके समान ही था

striyā hi paramo bhartā daivataṁ paramaṁ smṛtam | tasyātmanā tu sadṛśam ātmānaṁ paramaṁ dadau ||

Bhīṣma sprach: „Für eine Frau gilt der Gatte als der höchste Herr; man gedenkt seiner als ihrer höchsten Gottheit. Darum gibt sie ihr eigenes Selbst — ihren höchsten Besitz — dem hin, der ihm an Gestalt (und Identität) gleicht.“

स्त्रियाfor/by a woman
स्त्रिया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
परमःsupreme
परमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भर्ताhusband/lord
भर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दैवतंdeity/divinity
दैवतं:
TypeNoun
Rootदैवत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
परमंsupreme
परमं:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्मृतम्is considered/remembered
स्मृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
Formkta (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
तस्यof him/of that
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
आत्मनाwith/through (one’s) self; by oneself
आत्मना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सदृशम्similar/like
सदृशम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसदृश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आत्मानम्self (as object)
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परम्supreme/excellent
परम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ददौgave/bestowed
ददौ:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

The verse states a traditional dharma-ideal: a wife’s highest reverence is directed toward her husband, who is treated as her supreme ‘daivata’ (object of sacred regard). It frames marital fidelity and self-giving as a central ethical norm within the householder order.

In Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma is explaining a principle of household conduct and women’s dharma. He emphasizes the culturally authoritative view that a wife entrusts her very self to the husband, understood as her primary protector and revered figure.