Shloka 30

Devanagari script

येन दुःखेन यो दुःखी न स जातु सुखी भवेत्‌ | दुःखानां हि क्षयो नास्ति जायते हापरात्‌ परम्‌,जिस किसी भी दुःखसे जो दुखी है, वह कभी सुखी नहीं हो सकता; क्योंकि दुःखोंका अन्त नहीं है। एक दुःखसे दूसरा दुःख होता ही रहता है

Transliteration

yena duḥkhena yo duḥkhī na sa jātu sukhī bhavet | duḥkhānāṁ hi kṣayo nāsti jāyate hāparāt param |

Translation

Vyāsa sprach: Wer durch ein bestimmtes Leid in Kummer versetzt wird, kann niemals wahrhaft glücklich werden; denn Leiden nehmen kein Ende — aus einem Gram wird fortwährend ein anderer geboren, der ihm immer wieder nachfolgt.

Word by Word

येनby which

दुःखेनby/with sorrow

यःwho

दुःखीsorrowful

नnot

सःhe

जातुever/at any time

सुखीhappy

भवेत्would become / can become

दुःखानाम्of sorrows

हिindeed/for

क्षयःend/cessation

नnot

अस्तिis/exists

जायतेarises/is born

हindeed (emphatic particle)

अपरात्from another (one)

परम्another/further (one)

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vyāsa

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse warns that if one’s mind remains defined by grief—reacting to each sorrow with further sorrow—then happiness cannot take root. Since worldly troubles tend to generate new troubles, one must cultivate inner steadiness and discernment rather than letting duḥkha reproduce itself.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva’s instruction-oriented setting, Vyāsa delivers a reflective maxim about the self-perpetuating nature of suffering, guiding the listener toward a calmer, more disciplined response to adversity.