Shloka 27

राजधर्मः—राष्ट्ररक्षणं, दण्डनीतिः, हयग्रीवोपाख्यानम्

Royal Duty: Protection, Penal Policy, and the Hayagrīva Exemplum

Devanagari script

ईषदप्यड् दाराणां पुत्राणां वा चराप्रियम्‌ । ततो ज्ञास्यसि क: कस्य केन वा कथमेव च

Transliteration

īṣad apy aḍdārāṇāṁ putrāṇāṁ vā carāpriyam | tato jñāsyasi kaḥ kasya kena vā katham eva ca ||

Translation

Vyāsa sprach: «Tu nur etwas auch nur geringfügig Unangenehmes deiner Frau (oder deinen Frauen) oder deinen Söhnen an, und dann wirst du erkennen, wer in Wahrheit zu wem gehört — durch wen und auf welche Weise.»

Word by Word

• ईषत्: slightly, a little
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ईषत्

• अपि: even, also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• अड्: indeed/then (particle; textually uncertain)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अड्

• दाराणाम्: of (one's) wives
• दाराणाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दार
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• पुत्राणाम्: of sons
• पुत्राणाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• वा: or
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• चर: a spy, an agent
• चर: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अप्रियम्: unpleasant, disagreeable
• अप्रियम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अप्रिय
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ततः: thereupon, then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• ज्ञास्यसि: you will know
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा
• Form: Simple Future (Luṭ), Second, Singular

• कः: who
• कः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कस्य: of whom
• कस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• केन: by whom / with what
• केन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• वा: or
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• कथम्: how
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम्

• एव: indeed, exactly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• wife/wives (dārāḥ)
• sons/children (putrāḥ)