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Shloka 21

कामद्रुम-रूपकः तथा शरीर-पुर-रूपकः

The Desire-Tree and the Body-as-City Metaphors

अतो गुह्ुतरार्थ तदध्यात्ममतिमानुषम्‌ | यत्‌ तन्महर्षिभिदर्दृष्ट वेदान्तेषु च गीयते,बेटा! तुम मुझसे जो प्रश्न कर रहे हो, उसके अनुसार मैं इससे भी गूढ़तर अर्थवाले अलौकिक अध्यात्मज्ञानका उपदेश करूँगा, जिसे महर्षियोंने प्रत्यक्ष अनुभव किया है और जिसका वेदान्तशास्त्र--उपनिषदोंमें गान किया गया है यत्‌ तु संतापसंयुक्तं काये मनसि वा भवेत्‌ | प्रवृत्त रज इत्येवं तत्र चाप्युपलक्षयेत्‌ शरीर अथवा मनमें जब कुछ संतापयुक्त भाव दृष्टिगोचर हो, तब वहाँ यह समझ लेना चाहिये कि रजोगुणकी प्रवृत्ति हो रही है

ato guhūtarārtha tad adhyātmamatimānuṣam | yat tan maharṣibhir dṛṣṭaṃ vedānteṣu ca gīyate || yat tu santāpasaṃyuktaṃ kāye manasi vā bhavet | pravṛttaṃ raja ity evaṃ tatra cāpy upalakṣayet ||

Vyāsa sprach: Darum werde ich, deiner Frage gemäß, eine noch verborgenerе und feinere, übermenschliche Weisheit vom Selbst lehren — ein Wissen, das die großen ṛṣis unmittelbar verwirklicht haben und das im Vedānta, den Upaniṣaden, besungen wird. Und wenn im Körper oder im Geist ein Zustand von Schmerz, brennender Unruhe aufsteigt, soll man darin das Wirksamwerden von rajas erkennen, der Qualität von Leidenschaft und Rastlosigkeit.

अतःtherefore
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
गुह्यतरार्थम्a more secret meaning/purport
गुह्यतरार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुह्यतरार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अध्यात्ममतिमानुषम्pertaining to spiritual (adhyātma) understanding, beyond human (superhuman)
अध्यात्ममतिमानुषम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअध्यात्म-मतिमानुष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यत्which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
महर्षिभिःby the great seers
महर्षिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमहर्षि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
दृष्टम्seen/realized
दृष्टम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
वेदान्तेषुin the Vedāntas (Upaniṣads)
वेदान्तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवेदान्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गीयतेis sung/celebrated
गीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootगै
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
यत्when/that which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
संतापसंयुक्तम्associated with distress/heat (affliction)
संतापसंयुक्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसंताप-संयुक्त
FormPast passive participle (क्त) used adjectivally, Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
कायेin the body
काये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
मनसिin the mind
मनसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
भवेत्may be/arises
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Potential), Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
प्रवृत्तम्set in motion/active
प्रवृत्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-√वृत्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
रजःrajas (the passion-quality)
रजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवम्in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
तत्रthere/in that case
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
उपलक्षयेत्one should recognize/mark
उपलक्षयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√लक्ष्
FormOptative (Potential), Parasmaipada, Third, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
M
Maharṣis
V
Vedānta (Upaniṣads)
R
Rajas (guṇa)

Educational Q&A

Vyāsa frames his instruction as a deeper adhyātma (inner, Self-oriented) doctrine validated by seers and echoed in the Upaniṣads, then gives a practical diagnostic: distressful agitation in body or mind is a sign that rajas—the restless, passionate guṇa—has become active.

In the didactic setting of Śānti Parva, Vyāsa responds to a questioner by promising a more esoteric spiritual teaching and immediately begins explaining how to recognize the play of the guṇas in lived experience, starting with the mark of rajas.