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Shloka 20

आत्मदर्शन-उपदेशः (Ātma-darśana Upadeśa) — Mind, Senses, and the All-pervading Self

चत्वार्याहु: सहस्राणि वर्षाणां तत्कृतं युगम्‌ । तस्य तावच्छती संध्या संध्यांशक्ष तथाविध:,देवताओंके चार हजार वर्षोका एक सत्ययुग होता है। सत्ययुगमें चार सौ दिव्य वर्षोंकी संध्या होती है और उतने ही वर्षोका एक संध्यांश भी होता है (इस प्रकार सत्ययुग अड़तालीस सौ दिव्य वर्षोंका होता है)

catvāry āhuḥ sahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṁ tatkṛtaṁ yugam | tasya tāvacchatī sandhyā sandhyāṁśaś ca tathāvidhaḥ ||

Vyāsa sprach: Die Weisen erklären, das Kṛta- (Satya-)Yuga bestehe aus viertausend Jahren. Seine Morgenröte (sandhyā) währt vierhundert Jahre, und sein Dämmeranteil (sandhyāṃśa) ist von gleichem Maß. So setzt der Text den göttlichen Zeitmaßstab fest, nach dem die Zeitalter gemessen und ihrem sittlichen Rang nach geordnet werden.

चत्वारिfour
चत्वारि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
आहुःthey say
आहुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural
सहस्राणिthousands
सहस्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
वर्षाणाम्of years
वर्षाणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृतम्Kṛta (Satya)
कृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
युगम्age, yuga
युगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुग
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तस्यof that (yuga)
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
तावत्so much, equal (to that)
तावत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतावत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शतीa hundred (i.e., hundred years)
शती:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सन्ध्याtwilight (dawn-period), junction
सन्ध्या:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसन्ध्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सन्ध्यांशःthe twilight-portion (sandhyā-aṃśa)
सन्ध्यांशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसन्ध्यांश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तथाlikewise, so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
विधःof such a kind
विधः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
K
Kṛta (Satya) Yuga
S
Sandhyā
S
Sandhyāṃśa

Educational Q&A

The verse defines the traditional measure of the Kṛta/Satya Yuga: 4000 years proper, plus transitional periods—400 years of sandhyā (opening) and 400 years of sandhyāṃśa (closing)—highlighting that cosmic time is structured and that moral conditions are understood to vary by yuga.

In Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Vyāsa is explaining yuga-structure and the lengths of the ages, giving a precise breakdown of the Kṛta (Satya) Yuga along with its junction-periods (sandhyā and sandhyāṃśa).