Shloka 83

योग–सांख्यसमन्वयः, रथोपमा, व्यक्त–अव्यक्तविवेकः

Yoga–Sāṃkhya Synthesis, Chariot Allegory, and the Vyakta–Avyakta Distinction

Devanagari script

आशा श्रद्धा धृति: शान्तिर्विजिति: संनति: क्षमा

Transliteration

āśā śraddhā dhṛtiḥ śāntir vijitiḥ sannatiḥ kṣamā

Translation

Śakra sprach: Hoffnung, Glaube (śraddhā), Standhaftigkeit, innerer Frieden, Selbstbeherrschung, Demut und Vergebung — dies sind die Tugenden, die das Handeln eines Menschen festigen und das Dharma in den Prüfungen des Lebens tragen.

Word by Word

आशाhope, expectation

श्रद्धाfaith, trust

धृतिःsteadfastness, fortitude

शान्तिःpeace, tranquility

विजितिःvictory, conquest

संनतिःhumility, submission, bowing down

क्षमाforbearance, forgiveness

Speaker

शक्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

Śakra (Indra)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse enumerates foundational moral-psychological virtues—hope, faith, perseverance, peace, self-mastery, humility, and forgiveness—as supports of dharmic life and stable character.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on righteous living, Śakra (Indra) speaks didactically, listing key virtues as part of a broader ethical teaching.