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Shloka 19

कालनिर्णयः, युगधर्मवर्णनम्, सृष्टिक्रमश्च

Time-Reckoning, Yuga-Dharma, and the Sequence of Creation

सर्व काल: समादत्ते गम्भीर: स्वेन तेजसा । तस्मिन्‌ कालवशं प्राप्ते का व्यथा मे विजानतः,कोई बड़ा भारी विद्वान्‌ हो या अल्पविद्यासे युक्त, बलवान्‌ हो या दुर्बल, सुन्दर हो या कुरूप, सौभाग्यशाली हो या दुर्भाग्ययुक्त, गम्भीर काल सबको अपने तेजसे ग्रहण कर लेता है; अतः उन सबके कालके अधीन हो जानेपर जगतकी क्षणभंगुरताको जाननेवाले मुझ बलिको क्या व्यथा हो सकती है?

sarvaḥ kālaḥ samādatte gambhīraḥ svena tejasā | tasmin kālavaśaṃ prāpte kā vyathā me vijānataḥ ||

Śakra sprach: „Alle werden von der Zeit ergriffen — tief und unwiderstehlich — durch ihre eigene, innewohnende Macht. Wenn man unter die Herrschaft der Zeit gelangt ist, welcher Kummer kann dann mich treffen, der die Flüchtigkeit der Welt begreift?“

सर्वःall, entire
सर्वः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कालःTime (Death)
कालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समादत्तेtakes up, seizes, carries off
समादत्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-दा
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
गम्भीरःdeep, unfathomable, formidable
गम्भीरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगम्भीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वेनby his/its own
स्वेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective (pronominal)
Rootस्व
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
तेजसाby splendor/power
तेजसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
तस्मिन्in that (time/condition)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
कालवशम्under the control of Time
कालवशम्:
TypeNoun (used adverbially)
Rootकाल-वश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्तेwhen (it is) reached/when it has come
प्राप्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb (past participle)
Rootप्र-आप्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
काwhat?
का:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
व्यथाdistress, pain, anxiety
व्यथा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यथा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
मेof me / to me
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
विजानतःof (me) who knows/understands
विजानतः:
TypeVerb (present participle)
Rootवि-ज्ञा
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

श॒क्र उवाच

Ś
Śakra (Indra)
K
Kāla (Time)

Educational Q&A

Time (kāla) inevitably overpowers all beings regardless of learning, strength, beauty, or fortune; therefore, one who truly understands impermanence should not be shaken by grief when events unfold under Time’s dominion.

Śakra (Indra) speaks reflectively, asserting that since all are inevitably taken by profound Time, he—being aware of the world’s transience—finds no basis for personal anguish when circumstances fall under Time’s control.