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Shloka 25

Śakra–Namuci-saṃvāda: Śoka-nivāraṇa and Daiva-vicāra

Indra and Namuci on grief, composure, and inevitability

साच्चिको राजसशक्षापि तामसक्षापि ते त्रयः । त्रिविधा वेदना येषु प्रसूता: सर्वसाधना:,इनमेंसे एक-एकके सातच्चिक, राजस और तामस तीन-तीन भेद होते हैं। उनसे प्राप्त होनेवाले अनुभव भी तीन प्रकारके ही हैं। जो हर्ष, प्रीति आदि सभी भावोंके साधक हैं

sāttviko rājasas tathāpi tāmasaś cāpi te trayaḥ | trividhā vedanā yeṣu prasūtāḥ sarva-sādhanāḥ ||

Bhīṣma sprach: „Diese drei sind von dreierlei Art—sāttvika, rājasika und tāmasika. Die Erfahrungen (Gefühle und Wahrnehmungen), die durch sie entstehen, sind gleichermaßen dreifach; und aus ihnen werden die vielfältigen inneren Zustände hervorgebracht, die zu Mitteln für jedes Streben werden—wie Freude, Zuneigung und verwandte Dispositionen.“

सात्त्विकःsattvic (of the nature of sattva)
सात्त्विकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसात्त्विक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजसःrajasic
राजसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootराजस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तामसःtamasic
तामसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतामस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेthose
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Karta
TypeNumeral
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्रिविधाःthreefold
त्रिविधाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रिविध
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
वेदनाःexperiences/feelings (sensations)
वेदनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवेदना
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
येषुin which
येषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
प्रसूताःproduced/arisen
प्रसूताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-√सू (सूते)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
सर्वसाधनाःaccomplishing all (serving as means for all)
सर्वसाधनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वसाधन
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma explains that inner experience and motivation are conditioned by the three guṇas—sattva, rajas, and tamas—and that the feelings arising from them shape one’s dispositions and capacities for pursuing any goal; ethical cultivation therefore involves understanding and refining these guṇa-based tendencies.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on conduct and inner discipline, Bhīṣma continues his teaching by classifying human experiences and dispositions according to the three guṇas, linking psychological states (like joy and affection) to their underlying qualities.