Shloka 35

Brahmacarya-Upāya: Jñāna, Śauca, and the Mind’s Role in Desire (शान्ति पर्व, अध्याय २०७)

Devanagari script

शासितारं च पापानां 2३४8 | समवर्तिनम्‌ । असृजत्‌ सर्वभूतात्मा च धनेश्वरम्‌,सम्पूर्ण भूतोंके आत्मा श्रीहरिने पापियोंकों दण्ड देनेवाले तथा पितरोंके समवर्ती यमराजको और सम्पूर्ण निधियोंके पालक धनाध्यक्ष कुबेरको उत्पन्न किया

Transliteration

śāsitāraṃ ca pāpānāṃ samavartinam | asṛjat sarvabhūtātmā ca dhaneśvaram |

Translation

Bhīṣma sprach: Der Herr, das innere Selbst aller Wesen, brachte Yama hervor—der die Sünder zügelt und bestraft und auch Samavartin heißt, der unparteiische Ordner der Dahingegangenen—und ebenso Kubera, den Herrn und Hüter des Reichtums.

Word by Word

शासितारम्the punisher/ruler

चand

पापानाम्of sinners/evil-doers

समवर्तिनम्the overseer/one who presides (over the departed)

असृजत्created/produced

सर्वभूतात्माthe Self of all beings

चand

धनेश्वरम्the lord of wealth (Kubera)

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhīṣma

Yama

Samavartin

Kubera

Śrī Hari (Viṣṇu)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Moral and social order are upheld through divinely instituted governance: Yama embodies impartial justice that restrains sin, while Kubera represents regulated stewardship of wealth. Together they imply that both punishment and prosperity function within dharma, not arbitrariness.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Bhīṣma’s discourse on dharma and cosmic administration, he states that the Supreme Lord (the Self of all beings) manifested key deities responsible for maintaining order—Yama to judge and punish wrongdoing and Kubera to oversee and guard treasures and wealth.