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Shloka 14

अव्यक्त–व्यक्त–कारणकार्यविवेकः

Avyakta–Vyakta and Causality: Discrimination of Field and Knower

अन्तरात्मा तथा देहमाविश्येन्द्रियरश्मिभि: । प्राप्येन्द्रिययुणान्‌ पडच सो<स्तमावृत्य गच्छति

antarātmā tathā deham āviśyendriya-raśmibhiḥ | prāpyendriya-guṇān pañca so 'stam āvṛtya gacchati ||

Bhishma sprach: Wenn das innere Selbst in den Leib eintritt, breitet es sich durch die „Strahlen“ der Sinne aus und erfasst mittels dieser Sinnesfunktionen die fünf Gegenstände der Erfahrung. Wenn es beim Tod fortgeht, zieht es diese Kräfte wieder in sich zurück und schreitet weiter—so wie die Sonne, wenn sie aufgeht, ihre Strahlen in alle Richtungen sendet und beim Untergang eben diese Strahlen in sich zurücknimmt. Die ethische Lehre lautet: Verkörperte Erfahrung ist nur eine vorübergehende Projektion des Bewusstseins durch die Sinne; darum soll man das Sinnenleben nicht mit dem Selbst verwechseln und sich nicht an Dinge klammern, als wären sie dauerhaft.

अन्तरात्माthe inner self
अन्तरात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तरात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
देहम्the body
देहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आविश्यhaving entered
आविश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-विश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
इन्द्रियरश्मिभिःby the rays of the senses
इन्द्रियरश्मिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रियरश्मि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
प्राप्यhaving reached/obtained
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
इन्द्रियगुणान्the sense-qualities/objects
इन्द्रियगुणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रियगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
षट्six
षट्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootषट्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe/that (self)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्तम्to setting (down)
अस्तम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअस्तम्
आवृत्यhaving withdrawn/covered (back)
आवृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-वृत्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
गच्छतिgoes
गच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
A
antaratma (inner Self)
D
deha (body)
I
indriyas (senses)
S
sun (sūrya, by simile)

Educational Q&A

The Self is distinct from the body and senses: it ‘projects’ experience through the senses to grasp the five sense-objects, and at death it withdraws those faculties and moves on. Hence one should cultivate detachment and self-knowledge rather than identify with sensory life.

In Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhishma explains to the listener how the jiva/inner Self operates in embodiment, using the sun’s rays as a simile for the senses spreading out during life and being gathered back at the time of departure.