Shloka 36

उष्ण: शीत: सुखो दुःख: स्निग्थो विशद एव च,उष्ण, शीत, सुख, दुःख, स्निग्ध, विशद, खर, मृदु, रूक्ष, हलका, भारी और अधिक भारी--इस प्रकार वायु-सम्बन्धी स्पर्श गुणके बारह भेद कहे जाते हैं

bharadvāja uvāca | uṣṇaḥ śītaḥ sukho duḥkhaḥ snigdho viśada eva ca | kharaḥ mṛduḥ rūkṣaḥ laghuḥ bhārī ati-bhārī ca | iti vāyu-sambandhī sparśa-guṇānāṃ dvādaśa bhedāḥ kathyante ||

Bharadvāja sprach: „Hitze und Kälte, Behagen und Schmerz, Geschmeidigkeit und Klarheit; ferner Rauheit und Weichheit, Trockenheit, Leichtigkeit, Schwere und äußerste Schwere—so werden die zwölf Arten der Tastqualitäten gelehrt, die dem Luftelement (Vāyu) zugeordnet sind. Wer diese Empfindungen zu unterscheiden weiß, lernt, Körper und Welt ohne Verwirrung zu deuten und Standhaftigkeit in Lust wie Leid zu pflegen.“

उष्णःhot
उष्णः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउष्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शीतःcold
शीतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशीत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुखःpleasant
सुखः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुःखःpainful
दुःखः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्निग्धःunctuous, oily, smooth
स्निग्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्निग्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विशदःclear, non-slimy, pure
विशदः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविशद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भरद्वाज उवाच

B
Bharadvāja
V
Vāyu (air/wind element)
S
Sparśa-guṇa (tactile qualities)

Educational Q&A

The verse classifies twelve touch-based qualities (sparśa-guṇas) attributed to the air element—hot/cold, pleasant/painful, unctuous/clear, rough/soft, dry, light, heavy, and very heavy—encouraging discernment of sensory experience so one can remain steady and not be ruled by shifting bodily sensations.

In Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Bharadvāja is explaining a doctrinal taxonomy of sense qualities. He enumerates the varieties of tactile experience as part of a broader teaching on elements, perception, and disciplined understanding.