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Shloka 26

मृत्यु-काल-प्रबोधनम् (Instruction on Mortality, Time, and Truth) — Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 169

ये च दोषसमायुक्ता नराः प्रोक्ता मयानघ,निष्पाप नरेश! मैंने जो दोषयुक्त मनुष्य बताये हैं, उन सबमें अधम होते हैं कृतघ्न। वे मित्रोंकी हत्यातक कर डालते हैं। ऐसे दुराचारी नराधमोंको दूरसे ही त्याग देना चाहिये। यह सबका निश्चय है

bhīṣma uvāca | ye ca doṣa-samāyuktā narāḥ proktā mayānagha, niṣpāpa nareśa! teṣāṃ sarveṣām adhamo bhavati kṛtaghnaḥ | sa mitra-vadhyam api karoti | tādṛśān durācārān narādhamān dūrata eva tyajet | eṣa sarveṣāṃ niścayaḥ |

Bhishma sprach: „O makelloser König, unter all den Menschen, die ich als mit Fehlern behaftet beschrieben habe, ist der Undankbare der Niedrigste. Ein solcher kann sogar so weit gehen, seine Freunde zu töten. Darum soll man jene verwerflichen Männer von verderbtem Wandel schon aus der Ferne meiden. Dies ist die feststehende Überzeugung aller.“

येwho/which (those)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दोष-समायुक्ताःendowed/associated with faults
दोष-समायुक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदोषसमायुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नराःmen
नराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रोक्ताःhave been said/declared
प्रोक्ताः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-वच्
FormPassive (PPP), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
अनघO sinless one
अनघ:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootअनघ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
King (addressed as nareśa/anagha/niṣpāpa; Yudhiṣṭhira in context)

Educational Q&A

Gratitude is a foundational virtue in dharma; ingratitude (kṛtaghnatā) marks the lowest character because it can drive a person to betray and even destroy benefactors and friends. Such people should be avoided decisively.

In Bhishma’s instruction to the king during the Śānti Parva, he classifies moral faults and singles out the ungrateful person as the worst, advising the ruler to keep distance from such corrupt individuals for personal and social safety.