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Shloka 11

Adhyāya 166: Kṛtaghna-doṣa (कृतघ्नदोषः) — the fault of ingratitude and the limits of expiation

तथैव शृणु मे भक्त भक्तानि षडनश्रतः । अश्वस्तनविधानेन हर्तव्यं हीनकर्मण:,युधिष्ठिर! इसी प्रकार मैं अन्नके विषयमें जो बात बता रहा हूँ, उसे सुनो। यदि ब्राह्मण अन्नाभावके कारण लगातार छः: समयतक उपवास कर जाय तो उस अवस्थामें वह किसी निकृष्ट कर्म करनेवाले मनुष्यके घरसे उतने धनका अपहरण कर सकता है, जिससे उसके एक दिनका भोजन चल जाय और दूसरे दिनके लिये कुछ बाकी न रहे

tathaiva śṛṇu me bhakta bhaktāni ṣaḍanaśrataḥ | aśvastanavidhānena hartavyaṃ hīnakarmaṇaḥ, yudhiṣṭhira |

Bhīṣma sprach: „Ebenso höre, was ich dir über Nahrung sage. O Yudhiṣṭhira, wenn ein Brahmane aus Mangel an Speise sechs Mahlzeiten hintereinander gefastet hat, dann darf er in diesem Zustand aus dem Haus eines Menschen von niederem Wandel nur so viel nehmen, wie ihn für eine Mahlzeit an einem einzigen Tag erhält — ohne etwas für den nächsten Tag zurückzulegen.“

तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
शृणुhear (you)!
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormLoṭ, imperative, 2, singular, Parasmaipada
मेof me, my
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, singular
भक्तfood, meal
भक्त:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभक्त
Formneuter, accusative, singular
भक्तानिfoods/meals
भक्तानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभक्त
Formneuter, accusative, plural
षट्six
षट्:
TypeAdjective
Rootषट्
Formaccusative, plural
अनश्नतःof one not eating/fasting
अनश्नतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअन् + अश्
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, genitive, singular
अश्वस्तनविधानेनby the rule/procedure called 'aśvastana' (a prescribed measure)
अश्वस्तनविधानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वस्तनविधान
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
हर्तव्यम्is to be taken/should be taken away
हर्तव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootहृ
Formतव्यत् (gerundive), neuter, nominative, singular, obligation/passive
हीनकर्मणःfrom a man of base deeds
हीनकर्मणः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootहीनकर्मन्
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira
B
Brahmin

Educational Q&A

In extreme distress (hunger), dharma allows a narrowly limited exception: a starving Brahmin may take only the minimum needed for one day’s sustenance, specifically from a person of base conduct, and must not accumulate for the next day. The emphasis is restraint, necessity, and non-hoarding even in crisis.

During Bhishma’s instruction to Yudhishthira in the Shanti Parva, he continues outlining rules of conduct for times of calamity (āpaddharma). Here he addresses what may be done when food is unavailable, setting a strict boundary on what can be taken and from whom.