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Shloka 13

Adhyāya 159 — Dāna–Dakṣiṇā, Āpaddharma Measures, and Prāyaścitta Classifications

न प्रहृष्पति यो लाभै: कामैर्यश्न न तृप्पति,लोभी मनुष्य बहुत-सा लाभ पाकर भी संतुष्ट नहीं होता। भोगोंसे वह कभी तृप्त नहीं होता। नरेश्वर! न देवताओं, न गन्धर्वों, न असुरों, न बड़े-बड़े नागों और न सम्पूर्ण भूतगणोंद्वारा ही लोभका स्वरूप यथार्थ-रूपसे जाना जाता है

na prahṛṣyati yo lābhaiḥ kāmair yaś ca na tṛpyati | lobhī manuṣyaḥ bahu-sā lābhaṃ prāpya api na saṃtuṣyati | bhogaiḥ sa kadācid api na tṛpyati | nareśvara! na devatābhiḥ, na gandharvaiḥ, na asuraiḥ, na mahā-nāgaiḥ, na ca samastaiḥ bhūta-gaṇaiḥ lobhasya svarūpaṃ yathārtha-rūpeṇa jñāyate ||

Bhīṣma sprach: „Wer sich nicht freut, wenn Gewinne kommen, und wer durch begehrte Dinge niemals satt wird — ein solcher gieriger Mensch bleibt unzufrieden, selbst nachdem er reichen Vorteil erlangt hat. An Genüssen wird er nie wahrhaft gesättigt. O König der Menschen, das wahre Wesen der Gier ist nicht vollständig erkannt, wie es wirklich ist — weder von den Göttern, noch von den Gandharvas, noch von den Asuras, noch von den großen Nāgas, ja nicht einmal von allen Klassen der Wesen.“

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रहृष्यतिrejoices
प्रहृष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + हृष्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लाभैःby/with gains
लाभैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootलाभ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
कामैःby/with desires (objects of desire)
कामैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तृप्यतिis satisfied
तृप्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootतृप्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
N
Nareśvara (the king; Yudhiṣṭhira as addressee)
D
Devatāḥ (gods)
G
Gandharvāḥ
A
Asurāḥ
M
Mahā-nāgāḥ
B
Bhūta-gaṇāḥ (hosts of beings)
L
Lobha (greed)

Educational Q&A

Greed is intrinsically insatiable: even abundant gain and repeated enjoyment do not produce contentment. Therefore, ethical life and inner peace require restraint of desire and cultivation of satisfaction (saṃtoṣa), rather than chasing ever-increasing acquisition.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction to the king (Yudhiṣṭhira), Bhishma continues his discourse on dharma and right conduct. Here he warns the ruler about the psychological and moral danger of lobha, emphasizing that its true nature is subtle and difficult to grasp—even for exalted classes of beings—so a king must be especially vigilant.