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Shloka 81

Śaraṇāgata-Atithi-Dharma in the Kapota Narrative (कपोत-आख्यानम्—शरणागतधर्मः)

श्षपच उवाच गोपनीयमिदं दुःखमिति मे निश्चिता मतिः । दुष्कृतो5ब्राह्मण: सत्र यस्त्वामहमुपालभे,चाण्डालने कहा--यह कुत्तेका मांस खाना आपके लिये अत्यन्त दुःखदायक पाप है। इससे आपको बचना चाहिये। यह मेरा निश्चित विचार है, इसीलिये मैं महान्‌ पापी और ब्राह्मणेतर होनेपर भी आपको बारंबार उलाहना दे रहा हूँ। अवश्य ही यह धर्मका उपदेश करना मेरे लिये धूर्ततापूर्ण चेष्टा ही है

śvapaca uvāca gopanīyam idaṃ duḥkham iti me niścitā matiḥ | duṣkṛto ’brāhmaṇaḥ satra yas tvām aham upālabhe ||

Der Śvapaca sprach: „Meine feste Überzeugung ist, dass diese leidvolle Sache verborgen bleiben sollte. Und doch tadle ich dich hier, obgleich ich ein Sünder bin und kein Brāhmaṇa. Wahrlich, dass einer wie ich Belehrung über den Dharma erteilt, ist an sich schon eine listige Anmaßung.“

श्वपचःthe dog-cooker (outcaste)
श्वपचः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्वपच
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
गोपनीयम्to be concealed / secret
गोपनीयम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootगोपनीय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दुःखम्sorrow / pain
दुःखम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
मेof me / my
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
निश्चिताascertained / fixed
निश्चिता:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिश्चित
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
मतिःopinion / thought
मतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दुष्कृतःsinful / evil-doing
दुष्कृतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्कृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अब्राह्मणःa non-brahmin
अब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सत्रhere / in this matter (contextual)
सत्र:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसत्र
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
उपालभेreproach / censure
उपालभे:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-लभ्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Atmanepada

श्षपच उवाच

Ś
Śvapaca (caṇḍāla/outcaste speaker)
T
the addressed person (tvām, unnamed in this verse)

Educational Q&A

Ethical counsel can be valid even when spoken by someone of low social standing or with acknowledged faults; the speaker stresses the seriousness of wrongdoing and the humility (and risk of hypocrisy) involved in preaching dharma.

A śvapaca (caṇḍāla) addresses another person, stating his firm view about a grievous matter and admitting his own sinfulness and non-brāhmaṇa status, yet he continues to admonish the other—while also confessing that giving dharma-instruction may appear presumptuous for him.