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Shloka 27

Śaraṇāgata-Atithi-Dharma in the Kapota Narrative (कपोत-आख्यानम्—शरणागतधर्मः)

त्यक्त्वा दारांश्व पुत्रांश्व कस्मिंश्व॒ जनसंसदि । भक्ष्याभक्ष्यसमो भूत्वा निरग्निरनिकेतन:,उन्होंने अपनी पत्नी और पुत्रोंकोी किसी जन-समुदायमें छोड़ दिया और स्वयं अनग्निहोत्र तथा आश्रम त्यागकर भक्ष्य और अभक्ष्यमें समान भाव रखते हुए विचरने लगे

tyaktvā dārān ca putrān ca kasmiṁś ca jana-saṁsadi | bhakṣyābhakṣya-samo bhūtvā niragnir aniketanāḥ ||

Bhishma sprach: „Er verließ Frau und Söhne — ließ sie in irgendeiner öffentlichen Versammlung zurück — und zog dann umher, gab die heiligen Hausfeuer auf und jede feste Bleibe, und bewahrte Gleichmut gegenüber dem, was essbar ist, und dem, was nicht essbar ist.“

त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)
दारान्wives
दारान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कस्मिन्in some (place)
कस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जनसंसदिin an assembly of people
जनसंसदि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजनसंसद्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भक्ष्याभक्ष्यसमःequal (in attitude) toward edible and inedible
भक्ष्याभक्ष्यसमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभक्ष्य-अभक्ष्य-सम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)
निरग्निःwithout sacred fire (without maintaining fires)
निरग्निः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनिकेतनःhomeless; without a dwelling
अनिकेतनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनिकेतन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
W
wife (dārāḥ)
S
sons (putrāḥ)
J
jana-saṁsad (public assembly)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches renunciant discipline: relinquishing household identity (family ties, sacred fires, fixed residence) and cultivating equanimity even toward socially coded distinctions like permissible vs. impermissible food—an ethical training in non-attachment and sameness of vision.

Bhīṣma describes an ascetic who leaves his family behind in a public setting and adopts a wandering life, no longer maintaining domestic rituals (agnihotra) or a home, and living with an even-minded attitude toward food categories.