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Shloka 47

मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्

Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition

तूष्णीम्भावे5पि विज्ञेयं न भेद्‌ भवति कारणम्‌ । निःश्वासं चोष्ठसंदंशं शिरसश्च प्रकम्पनम्‌,चुप बैठनेपर भी उस व्यक्तिकी दुष्टताको इस प्रकार जाना जा सकता है। निःश्वास छोड़नेका कोई कारण न होनेपर भी जो किसीके गुणोंका वर्णन होते समय लंबी-लंबी साँस छोड़े, ओठ चबाये और सिर हिलाये, वह दुष्ट है

tūṣṇīṁbhāve ’pi vijñeyaṁ na bhed bhavati kāraṇam | niḥśvāsaṁ coṣṭha-sandaṁśaṁ śirasaś ca prakampanam ||

Bhishma sprach: „Selbst wenn ein Mensch schweigt, kann seine innere Bosheit erkannt werden; Schweigen ist kein hinreichender Grund anzunehmen, es gebe keine üble Absicht. Wenn er ohne wirklichen Anlass lange Seufzer ausstößt, während man die Tugenden eines anderen preist, die Lippen beißt oder zusammenpresst und den Kopf schüttelt, so verraten solche Zeichen eine böse Gesinnung.“

तूष्णीम्silently
तूष्णीम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूष्णीम्
भावेin a state/condition
भावे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
विज्ञेयम्is to be known/should be recognized
विज्ञेयम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ज्ञा
Formतव्यत् (gerundive), Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Passive (obligation)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भेदःdifference/distinction
भेदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभेद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिis/occurs
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कारणम्cause/reason
कारणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
निःश्वासम्sigh/breathing out
निःश्वासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिःश्वास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ओष्ठof the lip
ओष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootओष्ठ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
संदंशम्biting/pressing (with the teeth)
संदंशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंदंश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शिरसःof the head
शिरसः:
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रकम्पनम्shaking/trembling
प्रकम्पनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकम्पन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Silence alone does not prove goodness; subtle bodily reactions—especially resentment during the praise of others—can disclose envy and inner wickedness.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on righteous conduct and discernment, he explains how to detect a person’s ill will even when the person does not speak, by observing involuntary signs like sighing, lip-biting, and head-shaking.