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Shloka 20

Śalya’s Consecration as Senāpati and Kṛṣṇa’s Counsel to Yudhiṣṭhira (शल्यस्य सेनापत्यभिषेकः)

भागिनेयान्‌ निजांस्त्यक्त्वा कृतज्ञोडस्मानुपागत: । महासेनो महाबाहुर्महासेन इवापर:,ये ऐसे कृतज्ञ हैं कि अपने सगे भानजोंको भी छोड़कर हमारे पक्षमें आ गये हैं। ये महाबाहु शल्य दूसरे महासेन (कार्तिकेय)-के समान महती सेनासे सम्पन्न हैं

bhāgineyān nijāṁs tyaktvā kṛtajño ’smān upāgataḥ | mahāseno mahābāhur mahāsena ivāparaḥ ||

Sañjaya sprach: „Aus Dankbarkeit hat er sogar die Söhne seiner eigenen Schwester verlassen und ist auf unsere Seite gekommen. Der starkarmige Śalya, der ein großes Heer führt, ist an Macht wie ein zweiter Mahāsena (Kārttikeya).“

भागिनेयान्sister's sons, nephews
भागिनेयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभागिनेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
निजान्one's own
निजान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
कृतज्ञःgrateful
कृतज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्मान्us
अस्मान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormCommon, Accusative, Plural
उपागतःhaving come, arrived (to)
उपागतः:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-गम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
महासेनःMahāsena (name/title; also 'having a great army')
महासेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहासेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाबाहुःmighty-armed
महाबाहुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महासेनःMahāsena (Kārttikeya/Skanda)
महासेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहासेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अपरःanother, a second
अपरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śalya
B
Bhāgineyāḥ (Śalya’s sister’s sons)
M
Mahāsena (Kārttikeya/Skanda)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds kṛtajñatā (gratitude/remembering a benefit) as a powerful ethical motive that can override even close kinship ties; it also shows how warriors are praised through divine comparison to strengthen morale and legitimacy.

Sañjaya describes Śalya’s alignment with the Kauravas: despite having close family connections on the opposing side (his sister’s sons), Śalya comes to ‘our’ camp out of gratitude, and is portrayed as a formidable commander, likened to Mahāsena (Kārttikeya).