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Shloka 57

धृतराष्ट्र-संजय-संवादः — दुर्योधनस्य ह्रदप्रवेशः

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Saṃjaya Dialogue: Duryodhana’s Entry into the Lake

छिन्नध्वजधनुश्छत्र: सहदेवेन सौबल: । कृतो विद्धश्न बहुभि: सर्वमर्मसु सायकै:,सहदेवने शकुनिके ध्वज, छत्र और धनुषको काट देनेके पश्चात्‌ उसके सम्पूर्ण मर्मस्थानोंमें बाणोंद्वारा गहरी चोट पहुँचायी

sañjaya uvāca |

chinnadhvajadhanuśchatraḥ sahadevena saubalaḥ |

kṛto viddhaś ca bahubhiḥ sarvamarmasu sāyakaiḥ ||

Sanjaya said: Shakuni, the son of Subala, had his banner, bow, and parasol cut down by Sahadeva; and then Sahadeva pierced him with many arrows, striking deep at all his vital points. The scene underscores the relentless precision of battlefield duty, where martial skill is exercised without hesitation against a formidable and culpable adversary.

छिन्नcut off
छिन्न:
TypeAdjective
Rootछिद् (धातु) → छिन्न (कृदन्त)
Formपुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ध्वजbanner/standard
ध्वज:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
Formपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
Formनपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन
छत्रःumbrella/parasol
छत्रः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootछत्र
Formपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन
सहदेवेनby Sahadeva
सहदेवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसहदेव
Formपुं, तृतीया, एकवचन
सौबलःSaubala (Shakuni)
सौबलः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसौबल (शकुनि)
Formपुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कृतःwas made/was rendered
कृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त)
Formपुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
विद्धःpierced/wounded
विद्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यध्/विध् (धातु) → विद्ध (कृदन्त)
Formपुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अशनas if by a thunderbolt (lit. thunderbolt)
अशन:
TypeNoun
Rootअशन
Formपुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
बहुभिःby many
बहुभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
Formपुं/नपुं, तृतीया, बहुवचन
सर्वall
सर्व:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formनपुं, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
मर्मसुin the vital spots/joints
मर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमर्मन्
Formनपुं, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
सायकैःwith arrows
सायकैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसायक
Formपुं, तृतीया, बहुवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
S
Sahadeva
S
Shakuni (Saubala)
B
banner (dhvaja)
B
bow (dhanuḥ)
P
parasol (chatra)
A
arrows (sāyaka)
V
vital points (marma)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṣatriya-dharma in its stark form: in a righteous war, a warrior must act decisively against an opponent who embodies harmful counsel and adharma. Ethical weight is conveyed through the focus on disabling symbols of power (banner, parasol) and then neutralizing the threat with precise force.

Sanjaya reports that Sahadeva overwhelms Shakuni: he cuts down Shakuni’s banner, bow, and royal parasol, and then shoots him repeatedly, striking his vital points with many arrows.