Shloka 5

धृतराष्ट्रविलापः — Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Lament and Inquiry (Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 2)

Devanagari script

चिन्तयित्वा वयस्तेषां बालक्रीडां च संजय । हतान्‌ पुत्रानशेषेण दीर्यते मे भृूशं मन:,संजय! मैं उनकी अवस्था और बाल-क्रीड़ाका चिन्तन करके जब उन सबके मारे जानेकी बात सोचता हूँ, तब मेरा हृदय अत्यन्त विदीर्ण होने लगता है

Transliteration

cintayitvā vayasteṣāṃ bālakrīḍāṃ ca sañjaya | hatān putrān aśeṣeṇa dīryate me bhṛśaṃ manaḥ ||

Translation

„Sañjaya! Wenn ich an ihr zartes Alter und an ihre Kinderspiele denke und dann daran, dass alle meine Söhne ohne Ausnahme erschlagen sind, zerreißt es mir das Herz in überwältigendem Schmerz.“

Word by Word

• चिन्तयित्वा: having reflected/considered
• Type: Verb
• Root: चिन्त् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि, —, —, —

• वयः: age, stage of life
• वयः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तेषाम्: of them
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: —, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• बालक्रीडाम्: childhood play/sport
• बालक्रीडाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बालक्रीडा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)

• संजय: O Sañjaya
• Type: Noun
• Root: संजय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• हतान्: slain
• हतान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन् (धातु) → हत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• पुत्रान्: sons
• पुत्रान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• अशेषेण: entirely, without remainder
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अशेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-एकवचन used adverbially

• दीर्यते: is torn, is rent
• Type: Verb
• Root: दॄ (धातु) / दॄय् (धातु) (to split, be torn)
• Form: लट्, आत्मनेपद, कर्मणि/भावे (passive/intransitive sense), प्रथम, एकवचन

• मे: my
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: —, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• भृशम्: exceedingly, greatly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भृशम् (अव्यय)

• मनः: mind/heart
• मनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

धघतयाट्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons (the Kauravas)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the human cost of war and the crushing aftermath of attachment and misguided choices: when adharma culminates in destruction, even the victorious aims collapse into irreversible grief, and remembrance of innocence (childhood) intensifies the pain of loss.

What is happening in the narrative?

Dhṛtarāṣṭra speaks to Sañjaya after hearing of the battlefield catastrophe. He recalls the youth and childhood play of his sons and, realizing that all have been killed, expresses that his heart is being torn apart by sorrow.