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Shloka 4

दुःशासन उवाच दुःखेनैतत्‌ समानीतं स्थविरों नाशयत्यसौ । शत्रुसाद्‌ गमयद्‌ द्रव्यं तद्‌ बुध्यध्वं महारथा:,दुःशासनने कहा--महारथियो! आपलोगोंको यह मालूम होना चाहिये कि हमने बड़े दुःखसे जिस धनराशिको प्राप्त किया था, उसे हमारा बूढ़ा बाप नष्ट कर रहा है। उसने सारा धन शत्रुओंके अधीन कर दिया

Duḥśāsana uvāca: duḥkhenaitat samānītaṃ sthaviro nāśayaty asau | śatrusād gamayad dravyaṃ tad budhyadhvaṃ mahārathāḥ ||

Duḥśāsana sprach: „O große Wagenkämpfer, diesen Reichtum haben wir unter schwerer Mühsal zusammengetragen, und doch verschleudert ihn jener Alte nun. Er hat die Güter der Gewalt unserer Feinde ausgeliefert—begreift dies klar!“

दुःशासनःDuhshasana
दुःशासनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःशासन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दुःखेनwith difficulty / painfully
दुःखेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
समानीतम्brought/obtained (collected)
समानीतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-नी
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
स्थविरःthe old man
स्थविरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थविर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नाशयतिdestroys
नाशयति:
TypeVerb
Rootनश् (णिच्)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
असौthat man (he)
असौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअसद्/अदस् (प्रदर्शक सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शत्रुषुamong/under the enemies
शत्रुषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
आत्towards/into (as preverb element in sandhi)
आत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
गमयत्causing to go / handing over
गमयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (णिच्)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
द्रव्यम्wealth/property
द्रव्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रव्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तत्that (fact/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बुध्यध्वम्understand/know (you all)
बुध्यध्वम्:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormImperative, 2nd, Plural, Atmanepada
महारथाःO great chariot-warriors
महारथाः:
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Plural

दुःशासन उवाच

D
Duḥśāsana
T
the elder/old man (sthaviraḥ; implied Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
E
enemies (śatru)
W
wealth/property (dravya)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how attachment to wealth and factional hostility distort judgment: Duḥśāsana frames an elder’s conciliatory or redistributive action as ‘ruin,’ revealing the ethical danger of seeing peace-making as weakness and treating shared resources as instruments of rivalry.

Duḥśāsana addresses the assembled great warriors, complaining that the family elder is wasting wealth that the Kauravas obtained with difficulty and has effectively handed it over to their enemies, urging the warriors to recognize and respond to this situation.