Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 21

Adhyāya 52 (Sabhā-parva): Vidura Invites Yudhiṣṭhira to Hastināpura for the Dice Match

दत्त्वैकैको दश शतान्‌ कुञ्जरान्‌ कवचावृतान्‌ । क्षमावन्त: कुलीनाश्न द्वारेण प्राविशंस्तदा,तदनन्तर एक-एक क्षमाशील और कुलीन राजाने काम्यक सरोवरके निकट उत्पन्न हुए एक-एक हजार हाथियोंकी भेंट देकर द्वारके भीतर प्रवेश किया। उन हाथियोंके दाँत हलदण्डके समान लंबे थे। उनको बाँधनेकी रस्सी सोनेकी बनी हुई थी। उन हाथियोंका रंग कमलके समान सफेद था। उनकी पीठपर झूल पड़ा हुआ था। वे देखनेमें पर्वताकार और उन्मत्त प्रतीत होते थे

dattvaikaiko daśa śatān kuñjarān kavacāvṛtān | kṣamāvantaḥ kulīnāś ca dvāreṇa prāviśaṃs tadā ||

Duryodhana sprach: „Dann traten, einer nach dem andern, jene geduldigen Könige von edler Herkunft durch das Tor ein, und ein jeder brachte als Gabe tausend Elefanten dar, in Panzergeflecht gehüllt.“

दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (ददाति)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)
एकःone (each)
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एकःone (each)
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दशten
दश:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शतान्hundreds
शतान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कुञ्जरान्elephants
कुञ्जरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुञ्जर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कवचावृतान्covered with armor
कवचावृतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकवच-आवृत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle) from √वृ (आवृ/वृणोति) with उपसर्ग आ-
क्षमावन्तःforbearing, patient
क्षमावन्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षमावत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कुलीनाःnoble-born
कुलीनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकुलीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
द्वारेणthrough the gate/door
द्वारेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्वार
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्राविशन्entered
प्राविशन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-विश् (विशति)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
Formavyaya

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
K
kings (rājānaḥ, implied by context)
G
gate/door (dvāra)
A
armored elephants (kuñjara, kavaca)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how political legitimacy and honor in a royal assembly are often expressed through costly gifts and ceremonial entry. Ethically, it invites reflection on the difference between external displays of nobility (wealth, tribute, lineage) and the inner virtues that truly sustain dharma—especially in a context where pride and competition can corrupt courtly ideals.

Duryodhana describes a procession of kings entering through the gate, each offering a grand tribute—specifically a thousand armored elephants. The description functions to magnify the scale of the gathering and the wealth on display, setting the tone for the Sabha’s politics of prestige and rivalry.