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Shloka 1

Adhyāya 45 — Duryodhana’s Distress, Śakuni’s Counsel, and the Summons for Dyūta

ऑपन--रा_ज छा लॉस: पजञज्चचत्वारिशो< ध्याय: श्रीकृष्णके द्वारा शिशुपालका वध, राजसूययज्ञकी समाप्ति तथा सभी ब्राह्मणों, राजाओं और श्रीकृष्णका स्वदेशगमन वैशम्पायन उवाच ततः श्रुत्वैव भीष्मस्य चेदिराडुरुविक्रम: । युयुत्सुर्वासुदेवेन वासुदेवमुवाच ह,वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं--जनमेजय! भीष्मकी यह बात सुनते ही महापराक्रमी चेदिराज शिशुपाल भगवान्‌ वासुदेवके साथ युद्धके लिये उत्सुक हो उनसे इस प्रकार बोला --

Vaiśampāyana uvāca: tataḥ śrutvaiva bhīṣmasya cedirāḍ uruvikramaḥ | yuyutsur vāsudevena vāsudevam uvāca ha ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: Sobald der König der Cedi, Śiśupāla—von gewaltiger Kraft—Bhīṣmas Worte vernommen hatte, und begierig, mit Vāsudeva zu kämpfen, redete er Vāsudeva wie folgt an.

वैशम्पायनःVaiśampāyana
वैशम्पायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormAbsolutive (ktvā), Active
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
भीष्मस्यof Bhīṣma
भीष्मस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
चेदिराट्the king of Cedi (Śiśupāla)
चेदिराट्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचेदिराज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उरुविक्रमःof great prowess
उरुविक्रमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउरुविक्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युयुत्सुःdesirous to fight
युयुत्सुः:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुयुत्सु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वासुदेवेनwith Vāsudeva
वासुदेवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवासुदेव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वासुदेवम्Vāsudeva
वासुदेवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवासुदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Bhīṣma
C
Cedi (kingdom)
Ś
Śiśupāla
V
Vāsudeva (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
J
Janamejaya

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how hearing wise counsel (Bhīṣma’s words) can still provoke the proud into hostility rather than humility. Ethically, it frames a contrast between honoring rightful excellence and allowing envy and ego to escalate into unrighteous conflict.

After Bhīṣma’s statement in the royal assembly, Śiśupāla, king of Cedi, becomes eager to fight and directly addresses Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa). This marks the immediate lead-in to Śiśupāla’s challenge and the ensuing climactic confrontation.