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Shloka 31

Śiśupāla-vākya: Bhīṣma-nindā and the ‘Haṃsa’ Exemplum (शिशुपालवाक्यम् — भीष्मनिन्दा, हंसदृष्टान्तः)

यो हि धर्म विचिनुयादुत्कृष्टं मतिमान्‌ नर: । स वै पश्येद्‌ यथा धर्म न तथा चेदिराडयम्‌,जो बुद्धिमान्‌ मनुष्य उत्तम धर्मकी खोज करता है, वह धर्मके स्वरूपको जैसा समझता है, वैसा यह चेदिराज शिशुपाल नहीं समझता

yo hi dharma vicinuyād utkṛṣṭaṃ matimān naraḥ | sa vai paśyed yathā dharma na tathā cedīrāḍ ayam ||

Bhīṣma sprach: Ein verständiger Mann, der das Dharma in seiner höchsten Gestalt erforscht, erblickt das Dharma, wie es wahrhaft ist. Doch dieser König von Cedi—Śiśupāla—versteht das Dharma nicht auf diese Weise.

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
धर्मम्dharma/righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विचिनुयात्should investigate/seek out
विचिनुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + चि
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
उत्कृष्टम्excellent/supreme
उत्कृष्टम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्कृष्ट
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मतिमान्intelligent
मतिमान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमतिमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नरःman/person
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed/assuredly
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पश्येत्would see/understand
पश्येत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यथाas/how
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
धर्मम्dharma
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तथाthus/in that way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
चेदिराट्the king of Cedi
चेदिराट्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचेदिराज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अयम्this (one)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
Shishupala
C
Cedi (kingdom)

Educational Q&A

True understanding of dharma requires reflective inquiry and higher discernment; without such examination, a person—even a king—misapprehends what is right.

Bhishma contrasts the insight of a wise seeker of dharma with Shishupala’s flawed understanding, identifying Shishupala (the Cedi king) as someone who does not grasp dharma correctly.