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Shloka 40

Samrāt-Lakṣaṇa and the Counsel to Check Jarāsandha (सम्राट्-लक्षणं जरासन्ध-प्रतिबाधा-परामर्शः)

अथ हंस इति ख्यात: कश्चिदासीन्महान्‌ नृप: । रामेण स हतस्तत्र संग्रामेडष्टादशावरे,जरासंधके साथ जब सत्रहवीं बार युद्ध हो रहा था, उसमें हंस नामसे प्रसिद्ध कोई दूसरा राजा भी लड़ने आया था, वह उस युद्धमें बलरामजीके हाथसे मारा गया

atha haṃsa iti khyātaḥ kaścid āsīn mahān nṛpaḥ | rāmeṇa sa hataḥ tatra saṅgrāme ’ṣṭādaśāvare ||

Dann gab es einen großen König, berühmt unter dem Namen Haṃsa. In eben jener Schlacht — beim achtzehnten Aufeinandertreffen — wurde er von Rāma (Balarāma) auf dem Kampfplatz erschlagen.

अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
हंसःHamsa (a king named Hamsa)
हंसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहंस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative marker)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
ख्यातःrenowned/called
ख्यातः:
TypeAdjective
Rootख्यात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कश्चित्a certain/some
कश्चित्:
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आसीत्was/existed
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
महान्great
महान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नृपःking
नृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रामेणby Rama (Balarama)
रामेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हतःkilled/slain
हतः:
TypeVerb
Rootहृत/हन् (हत)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
संग्रामेin the battle
संग्रामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अष्टादशeighteen
अष्टादश:
TypeNumeral
Rootअष्टादश
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular, used as part of a compound with आवर
आवरेin the round/encounter (turn)
आवरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआवर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच

Ś
Śrīkṛṣṇa
H
Haṃsa (king)
R
Rāma (Balarāma)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the destructive inevitability of repeated, pride-driven conflict: even great kings fall when war becomes a cycle of rivalry rather than a disciplined pursuit of righteous duty.

Śrīkṛṣṇa recounts that a renowned king named Haṃsa joined the fighting and, in that same engagement—described as the eighteenth occasion—was slain by Rāma, i.e., Balarāma.