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Shloka 53

श्रीकृष्णने कहा--अर्जुन! खाण्डव वनमें जब तुम हाथमें धनुष लेकर अग्निदेवको तृप्त कर रहे थे, उस समय यही सर्प अपनी माताके मुँहमें घुसकर अपने शरीरको सुरक्षित करके आकाशमें उड़ा जा रहा था। तुमने उसे एक ही सर्प समझकर केवल इसकी माताका वध किया था ।। स एष तद्‌ वैरमनुस्मरन्‌ वै त्वां प्रार्थयत्यात्मवधाय नूनम्‌ । नभश्ष्युतां प्रज्वलितामिवोल्कां पश्यैनमायान्तममित्रसाह

śrīkṛṣṇa uvāca—arjuna! khāṇḍava-vane yadā tvaṁ dhanuḥ-pāṇir agnidevaṁ tṛptim ānayan, tadā eṣa eva sarpaḥ svam ātmānaṁ mātur mukhe praviśya śarīraṁ saṁrakṣya nabhasi utpatya gacchan dṛśyate sma. tvayā tu enam ekaṁ sarpam iti matvā kevalaṁ asya mātā hataiva. sa eṣa tad-vairam anusmaran vai tvāṁ prārthayaty ātma-vadhāya nūnam; nabhaś-cyutāṁ prajvalitām iva ulkāṁ paśyainam āyāntam, amitra-sāha.

Śrī Kṛṣṇa sprach: „Arjuna! Als du im Khāṇḍava‑Wald mit dem Bogen in der Hand standest und Agni durch das Verbrennen des Gehölzes zufriedenstelltest, rettete sich eben diese Schlange: Sie glitt in den Rachen ihrer Mutter, schirmte ihren Leib und flog dann zum Himmel empor. Du, sie für nur eine Schlange haltend, erschlugst allein ihre Mutter. An jene Feindschaft erinnernd, sucht sie dich nun auf, gewiss in der Absicht, dich zu töten. Sieh—sie stürzt heran wie ein lodernder Meteor, der aus dem Himmel gefallen ist, o Bezwinger der Feinde.“

सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वैरम्enmity, hostility
वैरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवैर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुस्मरन्remembering, calling to mind
अनुस्मरन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनुस्मृ
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
प्रार्थयतिbegs, seeks, requests
प्रार्थयति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रार्थय्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
आत्मवधायfor (your) killing / for self-destruction (i.e., to kill you)
आत्मवधाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मवध
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
नूनम्surely, certainly
नूनम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम्
नभःfrom the sky
नभः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootनभस्
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
श्युताम्fallen, dropped
श्युताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootश्युत
Formक्त (past passive participle) from √श्यु/√श्यु (to fall, drop), Feminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रज्वलिताम्blazing, flaming
प्रज्वलिताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रज्वलित
Formक्त (past passive participle) from प्र+√ज्वल्, Feminine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
उल्काम्a meteor/firebrand
उल्काम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउल्का
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पश्यsee!, behold!
पश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperative (Lot), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
एनम्this one/him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आयान्तम्coming, approaching
आयान्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ+या
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
अमित्रसाहO foe-subduer (Arjuna)
अमित्रसाह:
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्रसाह
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

कृष्ण उवाच

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
A
Arjuna
K
Khāṇḍava forest
A
Agni (Agni-deva)
S
serpent (Nāga)
T
the serpent’s mother
B
bow (dhanuḥ)
M
meteor/firebrand (ulkā)

Educational Q&A

Past actions can generate enduring consequences: even an unintended killing (here, the serpent’s mother during the Khāṇḍava burning) may ripen into later hostility. Kṛṣṇa’s counsel highlights vigilance and moral awareness in war—recognizing that conflict is not only physical but also shaped by remembered grievances and karmic residues.

Kṛṣṇa identifies an approaching serpent as the same one who escaped during the Khāṇḍava forest conflagration by hiding in his mother’s mouth. Arjuna had killed the mother, and the serpent now returns, driven by that remembered enmity, rushing toward Arjuna like a blazing meteor.