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Shloka 19

अश्वारोहा महाराज धावमाना इतस्तत: । तत्र तत्रैव दृश्यन्ते निहता: पार्थसायकै:,राजेन्द्र! अर्जुनके बाणोंसे घायल हुए अश्वारोही भी जहाँ-तहाँ इधर-उधर भागते दिखायी दे रहे थे

aśvārohā mahārāja dhāvamānā itastataḥ | tatra tatraiva dṛśyante nihatāḥ pārthasāyakaiḥ ||

Sañjaya sprach: O großer König, die Reiter — von den Pfeilen Pārthas getroffen — sah man in alle Richtungen fliehen, hier und dort über das Feld verstreut.

अश्वारोहाःhorse-riders
अश्वारोहाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वारोह (अश्व + आरोह)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज (महा + राजन्)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धावमानाःrunning
धावमानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootधाव (धातु)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त, परस्मैपदी)
इतस्from here / hence
इतस्:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतस्
ततःfrom there / thence
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
तत्रthere (here and there)
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
दृश्यन्तेare seen / appear
दृश्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Ātmanepada, Passive (कर्मणि प्रयोग)
निहताःstruck down / slain
निहताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनि + हन् (धातु)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त)
पार्थसायकैःby the arrows of Pārtha (Arjuna)
पार्थसायकैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थसायक (पार्थ + सायक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'mahārāja')
A
Arjuna (Pārtha)
A
arrows (sāyaka)
H
horsemen (aśvārohāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the swift and far-reaching effects of warfare: even supporting troops like horsemen are overwhelmed by a superior archer. Ethically, it points to the inevitability of suffering once battle is embraced, reminding the listener that martial glory carries immediate human cost.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Arjuna’s arrows have struck the mounted warriors; they are seen scattered across the battlefield, fleeing in different directions, some effectively ‘struck down’ and no longer able to hold formation.