Shloka 1
Devanagari script
अकाल चतु:ःसप्ततितमो< ध्याय: अर्जुनके वीरोचित उदगार संजय उवाच स केशवस्य बी भत्सु: श्रुत्वा भारत भाषितम् । विशोकः: सम्प्रहृष्टश्न क्षणेन समपद्यत
Translation
Sañjaya sprach: „O Nachkomme Bharatas! Als Arjuna die Worte Keshavas (Kṛṣṇas) vernahm, war er im selben Augenblick frei von Kummer und erfüllt von Freude und Tatendrang.“
Word by Word
सःhe (that one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
केशवस्यof Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)
केशवस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकेशव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
बीभत्सुःBībhatsu (Arjuna)
बीभत्सुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबीभत्सु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), Non-finite
भारतO Bhārata
भारत:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
भाषितम्speech, what was spoken
भाषितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाषित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विशोकःfree from grief
विशोकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविशोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सम्प्रहृष्टःgreatly delighted
सम्प्रहृष्टः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्प्रहृष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षणेनin a moment / by a moment
क्षणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
समपद्यतbecame, attained (a state)
समपद्यत:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + पद्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Ātmanepada
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes