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Shloka 9

कर्णस्य सेनापत्यं, माकरव्यूहः, पाण्डवानामर्धचन्द्रव्यूहः

Karna’s Command; Mākara Formation; Pandava Crescent Counter-Array

आरतायनि: समरे दुष्प्रकम्प्यः सेनाग्रणी: प्रथमस्तावकानाम्‌ | यः स्वस्त्रीयान्‌ पाण्डवेयान्‌ विसृज्य सत्यां वाचं स्वां चिकीर्षुस्तरस्वी,जिन्हें युद्धमोें विचलित करना अत्यन्त कठिन है, जो आपके सैनिकोंके प्रथम सेनापति एवं वेगशाली वीर हैं, जो अपनी बात सच्ची कर दिखानेके लिये अपने सगे भानजे पाण्डवोंको छोड़कर तथा अजातशत्रु युधिष्ठिरके सामने युद्धस्थलमें सूतपुत्र कर्णके तेज और उत्साहको नष्ट करनेकी प्रतिज्ञा करके आपके पक्षमें चले आये थे, वे बलवान दुर्धर्ष तथा इन्द्रके समान पराक्रमी ऋतायनपुत्र शल्य आपके लिये युद्ध करनेको तैयार हैं

Ārtāyaniḥ samare duṣprakampyaḥ senāgraṇīḥ prathamas tāvakānām | yaḥ svastrīyān pāṇḍaveyān visṛjya satyāṁ vācaṁ svāṁ cikīrṣus tarasvī |

Sañjaya sprach: „Ārtāyani (Śalya), im Kampf schwer zu erschüttern, der erste Befehlshaber unter deinen Truppen—jener schnelle und mächtige Krieger, der, um sein eigenes Wort wahr zu machen, die Söhne seiner Schwester, die Pāṇḍavas, verließ und zu deiner Seite kam—steht nun bereit, um deinetwillen zu kämpfen.“

आरतायनिःthe son of R̥tāyana (Śalya)
आरतायनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआरतायनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दुष्प्रकम्प्यःhard to shake/unnerve
दुष्प्रकम्प्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्प्रकम्प्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सेनाग्रणीःleader of the army
सेनाग्रणीः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसेनाग्रणी
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रथमःthe foremost
प्रथमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तावकानाम्of your (people/side)
तावकानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootतावक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वस्त्रीयान्one's own (sister's sons), i.e., nephews
स्वस्त्रीयान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वस्त्रीय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पाण्डवेयान्the Pāṇḍavas
पाण्डवेयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डवेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विसृज्यhaving abandoned/left
विसृज्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootवि-सृज्
FormGerund (Absolutive)
सत्याम्true
सत्याम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वाचम्speech/word/promise
वाचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
स्वाम्his own
स्वाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
चिकीर्षुःwishing to do/fulfil
चिकीर्षुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तरस्वीswift/impetuous, energetic
तरस्वी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतरस्विन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śalya (Ārtāyani, son of Ṛtāyana)
P
Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension between kinship and pledged duty: Śalya is portrayed as choosing to uphold his own spoken commitment (satya-vākya) even when it requires separating from close relatives, illustrating how vows and personal honor can redirect allegiance in war.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Śalya—renowned as unshakable in battle—has become the leading commander on the Kaurava side, having left the Pāṇḍavas (his sister’s sons) in order to fulfill his own promise and now stands ready to fight.