Shloka 22

(हते हास्मिन्‌ ध्रुवं पार्थ: स्वाञ्जेष्यति नो रथान्‌ | तस्मिन्‌ हि धार्तराष्ट्रस्य निहते तु ध्रुवी जय: ।। “इनके मारे जानेपर अर्जुन निश्चय ही हमारे सारे महारथियोंको जीत लेंगे। परंतु अर्जुनके मारे जानेपर धृतराष्ट्रपुत्र दुर्योधनकी विजय अवश्यम्भावी है। ध्वजोडसौ दृश्यते तस्य रोचमानों5शुमानिव । एनं जहि महाबाहो कि ते हत्वा युधिष्ठिरम्‌ ।।) “महाबाहो! अर्जुनका यह सूर्यके समान प्रकाशमान ध्वज दिखायी देता है। तुम इन्हींको मारो, युधिष्ठिरका वध करनेसे तुम्हारा क्या लाभ है? शड्खयोर्ध्यायतो: शब्द: सुमहानेष कृष्णयो:

sañjaya uvāca |

hate hāsmin dhruvaṃ pārthaḥ svāñ jeṣyati no rathān |

tasmin hi dhārtarāṣṭrasya nihate tu dhruvī jayaḥ ||

dhvajo 'sau dṛśyate tasya rocamāno 'ṃśumān iva |

enaṃ jahi mahābāho kiṃ te hatvā yudhiṣṭhiram ||

śaṅkhayor dhyāyatoḥ śabdaḥ sumahān eṣa kṛṣṇayoḥ ||

Sañjaya sprach: „Wenn dieser fällt, wird Pārtha (Arjuna) gewiss all unsere Wagenkämpfer bezwingen. Wird aber Arjuna erschlagen, dann ist der Sieg des Sohnes Dhṛtarāṣṭras (Duryodhana) sicher. Sieh: Sein Banner ist zu erkennen, leuchtend wie die Sonne. Triff ihn, o Starkarmiger (mahā-bāhu); welchen Gewinn hast du davon, Yudhiṣṭhira zu töten? Und nun erhebt sich ein gewaltiger Klang — das widerhallende Tönen der Muschelhörner der beiden Kṛṣṇas (Kṛṣṇa und Arjuna), während sie ihren Geist auf die Schlacht richten.“

हतेwhen (he is) slain
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formpast passive participle, masculine, locative, singular
indeed
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्मिन्in this (one/person)
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, locative, singular
ध्रुवम्certainly
ध्रुवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootध्रुव
पार्थःArjuna (son of Pritha)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
स्वान्our own
स्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
जेष्यतिwill conquer
जेष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formsimple future (luṭ), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
नःof us/our
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, plural
रथान्chariots (chariot-warriors)
रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
तस्मिन्when he/that one (is)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, locative, singular
हिfor/indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
धार्तराष्ट्रस्यof the son of Dhritarashtra
धार्तराष्ट्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
निहतेwhen (he is) slain
निहते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन्
Formpast passive participle, masculine, locative, singular
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
ध्रुवीcertain/assured
ध्रुवी:
TypeAdjective
Rootध्रुव
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
जयःvictory
जयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna (Pārtha)
D
Duryodhana (Dhārtarāṣṭra)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
Kṛṣṇa
A
Arjuna (as one of the ‘two Kṛṣṇas’)
A
Arjuna’s banner (dhvaja)
C
conches (śaṅkha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a pragmatic wartime calculus: the outcome is framed as hinging on Arjuna’s survival. It also shows how leaders and counselors prioritize decisive targets over symbolic or emotionally satisfying kills, revealing the ethical strain where victory is pursued through strategic elimination rather than righteous proportionality.

Sañjaya reports counsel given on the battlefield: Arjuna is identified as the pivotal warrior whose death would secure Duryodhana’s victory. Arjuna’s radiant banner is spotted as a battlefield marker, and the speaker urges focusing on Arjuna rather than killing Yudhiṣṭhira. The scene is punctuated by the thunderous conch-sound of Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna, signaling renewed engagement.