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Shloka 36

कर्णवधार्थं धनञ्जयस्य प्रतिज्ञा — Arjuna’s resolve for Karṇa’s defeat

स गाढविद्धो व्यथितो रथोपस्थ उपाविशत्‌

sa gāḍha-viddho vyathito rathopasthe upāviśat | nānā-vāditra-ninadāḥ siṃha-nādāś ca jajñire ||

Sañjaya sprach: Von jenen Pfeilen tief getroffen und vom Schmerz erschüttert, setzte sich Arjuna im hinteren Teil seines Wagens nieder. Da erhob sich ein gewaltiger Aufruhr—laut rief man: „Arjuna ist erschlagen!“ Muschelhörner wurden geblasen, das schwere Dröhnen der Kriegstrommeln breitete sich aus, und im Lärm vieler Instrumente hallten die löwengleichen Rufe der Krieger wider.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गाढ-विद्धःdeeply pierced/wounded
गाढ-विद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगाढ + विद्ध (√व्यध्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यथितःpained, distressed
व्यथितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यथित (√व्यथ्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथ-उपस्थेon/in the chariot-seat (chariot-platform)
रथ-उपस्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ + उपस्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
उपाविशत्sat down
उपाविशत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-√विश्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
नाना-वादित्र-निनदाःvarious musical-instrument sounds
नाना-वादित्र-निनदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाना + वादित्र + निनद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सिंह-नादाःlion-roars (war-cries)
सिंह-नादाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह + नाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जज्ञिरेarose, were produced
जज्ञिरे:
TypeVerb
Root√जन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
C
chariot (ratha)
A
arrows (bāṇa, implied)
C
conch (śaṅkha, implied by context)
K
kettle-drums/war-drums (bherī, implied by context)
M
musical instruments (vāditra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how quickly collective judgment forms in war: a momentary setback is mistaken for final defeat. Ethically, it cautions against triumph or despair based on appearances and urges steadiness and discernment (viveka) amid the noise of conflict.

Arjuna is struck hard by arrows and, in pain, sits down on the rear part of his chariot. Observers assume he has been killed, and the battlefield erupts with loud cries, conch-blasts, drumbeats, and roaring shouts.