Shloka 55

प्रजह्यात्‌ समरं भीत:ः प्राणान्‌ रक्षन्‌ महाहवे । न भवान क्षत्रधर्मेषु कुशलो हीति मे मति:,राजन्‌! तब कर्ण जोर-जोरसे हँस पड़ा और पाण्डुपुत्र युधिष्ठिरकी निन्दा-सा करता हुआ बोला--'युधिष्छिर! जो क्षत्रिय-कुलमें उत्पन्न हो, क्षत्रिय-धर्ममें तत्पर रहता हो, वह महासमरमें प्राणोंकी रक्षाके लिये भयभीत हो युद्ध छोड़कर भाग कैसे सकता है? मेरा तो ऐसा विश्वास है कि तुम क्षत्रिय-धर्ममें निपुण नहीं हो

sañjaya uvāca | prajah yāt samaraṁ bhītaḥ prāṇān rakṣan mahāhave | na bhavān kṣatradharmeṣu kuśalo hīti me matiḥ, rājan |

Sañjaya sprach: „Aus Furcht, um in jener großen Schlacht sein Leben zu retten, würde er den Kampf aufgeben. Nach meinem Urteil, o König, bist du in den Pflichten eines Kṣatriya nicht kundig.“

प्रजह्यात्should abandon
प्रजह्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हा (धातु √हा)
FormVidhi-linga, Optative, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
समरम्battle
समरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भीतःfrightened
भीतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभीत (√भी)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्राणान्lives (vital breaths)
प्राणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रक्षन्protecting
रक्षन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष् (धातु √रक्ष्)
FormShatr (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
महाहवेin the great battle
महाहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाहव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भवान्you (honorific)
भवान्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्रधर्मेषुin the duties of a kshatriya
क्षत्रधर्मेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रधर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
कुशलःskilled
कुशलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकुशल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
मेmy
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
मतिःopinion/view
मतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed as rājan)
S
samara/mahāhava (the great battle)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames kṣatriya-dharma as steadfastness in battle: abandoning the fight out of fear to save one’s life is portrayed as a failure of warrior duty, and the speaker judges such conduct as lack of proficiency in that dharma.

Sañjaya reports a harsh assessment addressed to the king: in the midst of the great war, someone is criticized as fearful and likely to quit the battlefield, and is explicitly judged unskilled in kṣatriya conduct.