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Shloka 3

अर्जुनस्य द्रोणिप्रतिघातः कर्णोपसर्पणं च

Arjuna Checks Droṇaputra; Karṇa Advances

संजय उवाच धृष्टद्युम्नमुखान्‌ पार्थान्‌ दृष्टवा कर्णो व्यवस्थितान्‌ । समभ्यधावत्त्वरित: पञ्चालान्‌ शत्रुकर्षिण:,संजयने कहा--राजन्‌! कर्णने धृष्टद्युम्म आदि पाण्डववीरोंको खड़ा देख बड़ी उतावलीके साथ शत्रुसंहारकारी पांचालोंपर धावा किया

sañjaya uvāca dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhān pārthān dṛṣṭvā karṇo vyavasthitān | samabhyadhāvat tvaritaḥ pañcālān śatrukarṣiṇaḥ ||

Sañjaya sprach: O König, als Karṇa die Pāṇḍava-Krieger unter Führung Dhṛṣṭadyumnas fest in Schlachtordnung stehen sah, stürmte er—begierig und schnell—geradewegs auf die Pāñcālas los, entschlossen, den Feind zu zermalmen.

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
धृष्टद्युम्नमुखान्having Dhrishtadyumna as their chief
धृष्टद्युम्नमुखान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधृष्टद्युम्नमुख
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पार्थान्the sons of Pritha (Pandavas)
पार्थान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Active
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यवस्थितान्arrayed/standing in formation
व्यवस्थितान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यवस्थित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
समभ्यधावत्ran up/charged at
समभ्यधावत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-अभि-धाव्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वरितःhastened/quick
त्वरितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वरित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally)
पञ्चालान्the Panchalas
पञ्चालान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शत्रुकर्षिणःcrusher/harasser of enemies
शत्रुकर्षिणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशत्रुकर्षिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karna
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
P
Pāṇḍavas (Pārthas)
P
Pāñcālas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ethos of decisive action in battle—steadfast opponents provoke an immediate, forceful response. Ethically, it also reflects how war compels rapid choices driven by duty and rivalry, even when the larger conflict is morally burdensome.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Karṇa, seeing the Pāṇḍava side drawn up with Dhṛṣṭadyumna in front, hastens forward and launches an attack against the Pāñcālas.