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Shloka 16

कर्णेन सैन्यस्थापनं तथा नानायुद्धसमवायः

Karna Reforms the Host and Multiple Duels Converge

आ मत्स्येभ्य: कुरुपज्चालदेश्या आ नैमिषाच्चेदयो ये विशिष्टा: । धर्म पुराणमुपजीवन्ति सन्‍्तो मद्रानृते पाउ्चनदांश्व जिह्मान्‌

ā matsyebhyaḥ kurupañcāladeśyā ā naimiṣāc cedayo ye viśiṣṭāḥ | dharma-purāṇam upajīvanti santaḥ madrān ṛte pañcanadāṁś ca jihmān ||

Karna sprach: „Außer bei den Madras und den Leuten der Pañcanada-Region findet man edle Männer fast überall. Von Matsya bis zu den Landen der Kurus und Pañcālas und von Naimiṣa bis zu den Chedis — die dort Wohnenden sind ausgezeichnet und tugendhaft; sie erhalten ihr Leben, indem sie sich auf die uralte Dharma stützen. Doch bei den Madras und den Pañcanadas ist es nicht so: Die Menschen dort sind krumm im Wandel.“

up to; as far as
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मत्स्येभ्यःfrom the Matsyas (country/people)
मत्स्येभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Ablative, Plural
कुरु-पाञ्चाल-देश्याःthe inhabitants of the Kuru and Pañcāla regions
कुरु-पाञ्चाल-देश्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेश्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
up to; as far as
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नैमिषात्from Naimiṣa (Naimiṣāraṇya)
नैमिषात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootनैमिष
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
चेदयःthe Cedis (people of Cedi)
चेदयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचेदि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विशिष्टाःdistinguished; excellent
विशिष्टाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविशिष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
धर्म-पुराणम्ancient dharma; the old tradition of righteousness
धर्म-पुराणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुराण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपजीवन्तिthey live by; they subsist on
उपजीवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-जीव्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सन्तःgood people; the virtuous
सन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मद्रान्the Madras (people of Madra)
मद्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमद्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ऋतेexcept; without
ऋते:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋते
पाञ्चनदान्the Pañcanadas (people of the five-rivers region)
पाञ्चनदान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चनद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जिह्मान्crooked; deceitful
जिह्मान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजिह्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

कर्ण उवाच

K
Karna
M
Matsya
K
Kuru
P
Panchala
N
Naimisha (Naimisharanya)
C
Cedi (Chedi)
M
Madra
P
Panchnada (Pañcanada)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts communities said to uphold ‘ancient dharma’ with those portrayed as morally ‘crooked,’ using geography to frame a claim about ethical conduct and social reputation.

Karna is speaking and makes a sweeping assessment of different regions and peoples, praising many as virtuous adherents of old dharma while explicitly excluding the Madras and the Panchnada region, whom he condemns as deceitful.