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Shloka 63

कर्णेन व्यूहविधानम् — Karṇa’s Battle Formation and the Pāṇḍava Counter-Plan

Adhyāya 31

ऋते हि त्वां महाभाग वासुदेवसमं युधि । “आपके सारथि होनेपर राधापुत्र कर्ण मेरे शत्रुओंको जीत लेगा। कर्णके रथकी बागडोर पकड़नेवाला आपके सिवा दूसरा कोई नहीं है। महाभाग! आप युद्धमें वसुदेवनन्दन श्रीकृष्णके समान हैं

sañjaya uvāca |

ṛte hi tvāṃ mahābhāga vāsudevasamaṃ yudhi |

śalya uvāca |

yan māṃ bravīṣi gāndhāre madhye sainyastha kaurava |

viśiṣṭaṃ devakīputrāt prītimān asmy ahaṃ tvayi ||

Sañjaya sprach: „O Hochbegünstigter, außer dir — der du im Kampf Vāsudeva gleich bist — gibt es keinen, der wahrhaft die Zügel von Karṇas Wagen halten kann.“ Śalya erwiderte: „O Sohn der Gāndhārī, o Kaurava, der du mitten im versammelten Heer stehst: Weil du mich sogar höher als Devakīs Sohn (Kṛṣṇa) nennst, bin ich dir sehr gewogen.“

ṛteexcept/without
ṛte:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootṛte
Formindeclinable; governs ablative
hiindeed/for
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
Formindeclinable
tvāmyou
tvām:
Karma
TypePronoun
Roottvad
Formgender: (common); case: accusative; number: singular
mahābhāgaO greatly fortunate one
mahābhāga:
TypeNoun
Rootmahābhāga
Formgender: masculine; case: vocative; number: singular
vāsudeva-samamequal to Vāsudeva
vāsudeva-samam:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootvāsudeva-sama
Formgender: masculine; case: accusative; number: singular
yudhiin battle
yudhi:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootyudh
Formgender: feminine; case: locative; number: singular
śalyaḥŚalya
śalyaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootśalya
Formgender: masculine; case: nominative; number: singular
uvācasaid
uvāca:
TypeVerb
Rootvac
Formtense: perfect; person: 3rd; number: singular; voice: parasmaipada
yatthat which
yat:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootyad
Formgender: neuter; case: accusative; number: singular
māmme
mām:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootasmad
Formgender: (common); case: accusative; number: singular
bravīṣiyou say
bravīṣi:
TypeVerb
Rootbrū
Formtense: present; person: 2nd; number: singular; voice: parasmaipada
gāndhāreO Gāndhāra (son of Gāndhārī)
gāndhāre:
TypeNoun
Rootgāndhāra
Formgender: masculine; case: vocative; number: singular
madhyein the midst
madhye:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootmadhya
Formgender: neuter; case: locative; number: singular
sainya-sthastanding among the army
sainya-stha:
TypeAdjective
Rootsainya-stha
Formgender: masculine; case: vocative; number: singular
kauravaO Kaurava
kaurava:
TypeNoun
Rootkaurava
Formgender: masculine; case: vocative; number: singular
viśiṣṭaḥsuperior/distinguished
viśiṣṭaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootviśiṣṭa
Formgender: masculine; case: nominative; number: singular
devakī-putrātthan the son of Devakī
devakī-putrāt:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootdevakī-putra
Formgender: masculine; case: ablative; number: singular
prīti-mānpleased/affectionate
prīti-mān:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootprīti-mant
Formgender: masculine; case: nominative; number: singular
asmiI am
asmi:
TypeVerb
Rootas
Formtense: present; person: 1st; number: singular; voice: parasmaipada
ahamI
aham:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootasmad
Formgender: (common); case: nominative; number: singular
tvayiin/with regard to you
tvayi:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Roottvad
Formgender: (common); case: locative; number: singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śalya
D
Duryodhana (Gāndhāre, Kaurava)
K
Kṛṣṇa (Vāsudeva, Devakīputra)
K
Karṇa (implied by chariot-reins context; Rādhāputra in the cited Hindi gloss)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how wartime alliances can be shaped by praise and status-comparisons: Duryodhana’s exaltation of Śalya (even above Kṛṣṇa) wins Śalya’s pleasure, showing the moral ambiguity of persuasion through flattery rather than truth.

Sañjaya reports the situation around Karṇa’s chariot: only a supremely capable charioteer can ‘hold the reins’ in battle. Śalya then responds to Duryodhana’s public praise, expressing satisfaction at being lauded as superior even to Kṛṣṇa.