Shloka 10
Devanagari script
त॑ प्रवीरा: सुसंरब्धा नर्दमाना इवर्षभा: | वासितार्थमिव क्रुद्धमभिद्रुत्य मदोत्कटा:
Transliteration
te pravīrāḥ susaṁrabdhā nardamānā ivarṣabhāḥ | vāsitārtham iva kruddham abhidrutya madotkaṭāḥ ||
Translation
Sañjaya sprach: Jene erlesensten Helden, von wilder Wut ergriffen und brüllend wie Stiere, stürmten voran—wie ein zorniger Stier, zum Ziel angetrieben—trunken von Stolz und Schlachtenrausch.
Word by Word
तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रवीराःgreat heroes
प्रवीराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सुसंरब्धाःhighly enraged / greatly excited
सुसंरब्धाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुसंरब्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नर्दमानाःroaring
नर्दमानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनर्द्
FormShatr (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
ऋषभाःbulls
ऋषभाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वासितार्थम्one whose purpose is accomplished (lit. whose aim has been made/fulfilled)
वासितार्थम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवासितार्थ
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
क्रुद्धम्angry
क्रुद्धम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
अभिद्रुत्यhaving rushed at / rushing towards
अभिद्रुत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + द्रु
FormAbsolutive (ktvā/lyap), Parasmaipada (usage)
मदोत्कटाःfierce with intoxication/pride
मदोत्कटाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमदोत्कट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how anger and the intoxicating pride of combat can propel even great heroes into reckless aggression, suggesting an ethical tension between martial valor and the need for self-control.
Sañjaya describes a group of leading warriors who, roaring like bulls and inflamed with rage, rush forward to attack with overwhelming momentum and battle-exultation.