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Shloka 18

द्रोणानीक-व्यतिक्रमः — Kṛṣṇa–Arjuna Break Through Droṇa’s Array

तमार्तमभिसंप्रेक्ष्य राजा किल स सैन्धव: । मृदु चात्महितं चैव साक्षेपमिदमुक्तवान्‌,“दुर्योधनको उद्विग्नचित्त देखकर सिन्धुराज जयद्रथने व्यंग्य करते हुए कोमल वाणीमें अपने हितकी बात इस प्रकार कही--

tam ārtam abhisamprekṣya rājā kila sa saindhavaḥ | mṛdu cātmahitaṃ caiva sākṣepam idam uktavān |

Sañjaya sprach: Als er ihn bedrückt sah, redete der König —Jayadratha von Sindhu— mit sanfter Stimme, doch mit spitzer Anspielung, und sprach Worte, die zu seinem eigenen Vorteil berechnet waren.

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आर्तम्distressed, afflicted
आर्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआर्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभिसंप्रेक्ष्यhaving looked at, observing
अभिसंप्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-सम्-प्रेक्ष्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किलindeed, it is said
किल:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिल
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सैन्धवःthe Sindhu-king (Jayadratha)
सैन्धवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्धव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मृदुgentle (speech/words)
मृदु:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमृदु
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आत्महितम्one's own benefit
आत्महितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्महित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
साक्षेपम्with sarcasm/taunt, pointedly
साक्षेपम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसाक्षेप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उक्तवान्said, spoke
उक्तवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्तवतुँ (past active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
J
Jayadratha (Saindhava, Sindhu-king)
D
Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how speech can be outwardly gentle yet inwardly self-serving and barbed. It implicitly warns that ethical evaluation of counsel must consider motive (ātmahita) and intent (sākṣepa), not merely tone (mṛdu).

Sañjaya narrates that Jayadratha, noticing Duryodhana’s agitation and distress, addresses him. Although he uses soft words, he speaks with a taunting insinuation and frames his counsel to serve his own advantage, setting up the content of Jayadratha’s forthcoming speech.