Shloka 86

शरभं पृष्ठसौवर्ण नकुलस्य महाध्वजम्‌ । अपश्याम रथे>त्युग्रं भीषयाणमवस्थितम्‌,नकुलकी विशाल ध्वजा शरभके चिह्नसे युक्त तथा पृष्ठभागमें सुवर्णमयी है। हमने देखा, वह अत्यन्त भयंकर रूपसे उनके रथपर फहराती और सबको भयभीत करती थी

śarabhaṃ pṛṣṭha-sauvarṇaṃ nakulasya mahā-dhvajam | apaśyāma rathe 'tyugraṃ bhīṣayāṇam avasthitam ||

Sañjaya sprach: „Wir erblickten Nakulas großes Banner, mit dem Zeichen der Śarabha versehen und auf der Rückseite mit Gold geschmückt, hoch auf seinem Wagen aufgerichtet. Furchterregend im Anblick flatterte es dort und jagte den feindlichen Reihen Schrecken ein.“

शरभम्a śarabha (mythic beast) (as emblem)
शरभम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरभ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पृष्ठसौवर्णम्golden on the back / with a golden back
पृष्ठसौवर्णम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपृष्ठसौवर्ण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नकुलस्यof Nakula
नकुलस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनकुल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
महाध्वजम्the great banner/standard
महाध्वजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहाध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपश्यामwe saw
अपश्याम:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), First, Plural, Parasmaipada
रथेon/in the chariot
रथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उग्रम्fierce, terrible
उग्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भीषयाणम्frightening (others)
भीषयाणम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootभीषयत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, Śatṛ (present active participle)
अवस्थितम्standing, stationed, situated
अवस्थितम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootअवस्था (अव + स्था)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, Kta (past passive participle)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
N
Nakula
C
chariot (ratha)
G
great banner/standard (mahādhvaja)
Ś
Śarabha emblem (śarabha-cihna)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how outward symbols—like a warrior’s banner—serve ethical and strategic functions in a dharma-yuddha setting: they proclaim identity, resolve, and legitimacy, and they can influence morale by inspiring allies and intimidating opponents.

Sañjaya describes to Dhṛtarāṣṭra the sight of Nakula’s chariot-standard: a great banner bearing the śarabha emblem with golden adornment, standing on the chariot and appearing so fierce that it terrifies the enemy.