Shloka 41

दुर्योधन–द्रोणसंवादः

Arjuna-vīrya-prasaṃśā and renewed battle formation

Devanagari script

येषामर्थाय संयत्तों मत्स्यराज: सहानुज: । शतानीक: सूर्यदत्त: श्रुतानीक: श्रुतध्वज:

Transliteration

yeṣām arthāya saṁyatto matsyarājaḥ sahānujaḥ | śatānīkaḥ sūryadattaḥ śrutānīkaḥ śrutadhvajaḥ ||

Translation

Kṛpa sprach: „Um derentwillen der König der Matsyas zusammen mit seinen jüngeren Brüdern zu den Waffen griff—nämlich Śatānīka, Sūryadatta, Śrutānīka und Śrutadhvaja.“

Word by Word

• येषाम्: of whom / for whom (genitive plural)
• येषाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: —, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• अर्थाय: for the sake / for the purpose
• अर्थाय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन

• संयत्तः: prepared / ready / marshalled
• संयत्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + यम् (धातु) → संयत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मत्स्यराजः: the king of the Matsyas
• मत्स्यराजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मत्स्यराज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सह: together with
• सह: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: true

• अनुजः: younger brother
• अनुजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• शतानीकः: Śatānīka (proper name; lit. 'having a hundred troops')
• शतानीकः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शतानीक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सूर्यदत्तः: Sūryadatta (proper name; 'given by the Sun')
• सूर्यदत्तः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्यदत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• श्रुतानीकः: Śrutānīka (proper name; 'renowned troop/host')
• श्रुतानीकः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रुतानीक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• श्रुतध्वजः: Śrutadhvaja (proper name; 'renowned-bannered')
• श्रुतध्वजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रुतध्वज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

कृप उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Kṛpa
• Matsyarāja (Virāṭa)
• Matsya kingdom
• Śatānīka
• Sūryadatta
• Śrutānīka
• Śrutadhvaja

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the kṣatriya ethic of standing by one’s allies and causes: rulers and their kin take up arms “for the sake of” those to whom they are bound by loyalty, obligation, and political-dharmic alliance.

What is happening in the narrative?

Kṛpa is identifying the Matsya king and his associated fighters by name, indicating that the Matsya side has mobilized for a particular cause and listing key individuals connected with that mobilization.