Shloka 30

उपायैः पूर्ववधकथनम् / Strategic Justifications for Prior Eliminations

Devanagari script

तत्राभवन्महाशब्दस्तुमुलो लोमहर्षण:

Transliteration

tatrābhavan mahāśabdas tumulo lomaharṣaṇaḥ

Translation

Sañjaya sprach: Dort erhob sich ein gewaltiger Lärm—ohrenbetäubend und wirbelnd—so heftig, dass einem die Haare zu Berge standen.

Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र
• Form: Avyaya (locative adverb)

• अभवत्: arose/occurred/was
• अभवत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्

• महाशब्दः: a great noise
• महाशब्दः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाशब्द
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• तुमुलः: tumultuous
• तुमुलः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुमुल
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम् (महाशब्दः इति विशेषणम्)

• लोमहर्षणः: hair-raising
• लोमहर्षणः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लोमहर्षण
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम् (महाशब्दः इति विशेषणम्)

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the psychological and ethical weight of war: violence does not remain abstract but becomes a palpable, terrifying atmosphere that overwhelms all present, reminding the listener of war’s dehumanizing intensity.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, at that moment in the battle, a massive, chaotic roar erupted—an auditory sign of fierce engagement and escalating conflict.