Shloka 21

भीष्मेण धार्तराष्ट्राणां व्यूढ: प्रत्यड्मुखो युधि । मण्डल: स महाव्यूहो दुर्भेद्योडमित्रघातन:,भीष्मने युद्धस्थलमें कौरव-सैनिकोंका पश्चिमाभिमुख व्यूह बनाया था। वह मण्डल नामक महाव्यूह दुर्भेद्य होनेके साथ ही शत्रुओंका संहार करनेवाला था

bhīṣmeṇa dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṃ vyūḍhaḥ pratyag-mukho yudhi | maṇḍalaḥ sa mahāvyūho durbhedyo 'mitra-ghātanaḥ ||

Sañjaya sprach: Mitten im Kampf ordnete Bhīṣma die Söhne Dhṛtarāṣṭras in einer nach Westen gerichteten Schlachtaufstellung. Dieses große Heergebilde, „Maṇḍala“ genannt, war schwer zu durchbrechen und dazu bestimmt, den Feind zu zerschmettern—verkörperte, disziplinierte Strategie im Dienst der zerstörerischen Macht des Krieges.

भीष्मेणby Bhishma
भीष्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
धार्तराष्ट्राणाम्of the Dhartarashtras (Kauravas)
धार्तराष्ट्राणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
व्यूढःarrayed/formed (in battle-order)
व्यूढः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यूढ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रत्यङ्मुखःfacing west/backward-facing
प्रत्यङ्मुखः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रत्यङ्मुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
मण्डलःa circle-formation (mandala)
मण्डलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमण्डल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःthat/he
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाव्यूहःa great battle-array
महाव्यूहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहाव्यूह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुर्भेद्यःhard to break/impregnable
दुर्भेद्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्भेद्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उद्up/out (preverb)
उद्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउद्
अमित्रघातनःslayer of enemies
अमित्रघातनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमित्रघातन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
D
Dhārtarāṣṭras (Kauravas)
M
Maṇḍala-vyūha (battle formation)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how disciplined organization and leadership (vyūha) can make a force formidable; ethically, it also reminds the reader that strategic excellence in war is value-neutral—its moral weight depends on the cause and the dharmic alignment of those who wield it.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Bhīṣma has arranged the Kaurava troops into a west-facing Maṇḍala (circular) great formation, described as hard to penetrate and effective for destroying enemies.