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Shloka 46

अध्याय ८० — मध्यंदिन-रणवृत्तान्तः

Yudhiṣṭhira–Śrutāyu encounter; Cekitāna–Gautama clash; Abhimanyu pressure; Arjuna’s redeployment

राजन! जैसे युद्धमें देवराज इन्द्र दैत्योंपर कुपित होते हैं, उसी प्रकार आपके पुत्रोंपर धृष्टद्युम्नका क्रोध बहुत बढ़ा हुआ था। उसके मोहनास्त्रके प्रयोगसे अपनी चेतना और धैर्य खोकर आपके नरवीर पुत्र रणभूमिमें मोहित हो गये ।।

sañjaya uvāca |

rājan! yathā yuddhe devarāja indro daityeṣu kupito bhavati, tathā tava putreṣu dhṛṣṭadyumnasya krodho bahu vardhitaḥ | tasya mohanāstrasya prayogena svāṃ cetanāṃ dhairyaṃ ca vihāya tava naravīrāḥ putrā raṇabhūmau mohitaḥ abhavan ||

pradudruvuḥ kuravaś caiva sarve savājināgāḥ sarathāḥ samantāt |

parītakālān iva naṣṭasaṃjñān mohopetāṃs tava putrān niśamya ||

Sañjaya sprach: O König, wie Indra, der Herr der Götter, im Krieg gegen die Daityas in Zorn gerät, so loderte auch Dhrishtadyumnas Zorn gegen deine Söhne. Durch den Einsatz seiner betörenden Waffe verloren deine heldenhaften Söhne Bewusstsein und Standhaftigkeit und wurden auf dem Schlachtfeld verwirrt. Als das Kuru-Heer deine Söhne vom Wahn ergriffen sah—besinnungslos, als hätte der Tod sie schon gepackt—flohen alle Truppen, mit Wagen, Pferden und Elefanten, nach allen Seiten.

प्रदुद्रुवुःthey fled/ran away
प्रदुद्रुवुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
कुरवःthe Kurus
कुरवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
together with
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
वाजिनागाःhorses and elephants
वाजिनागाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाजि + नाग (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
together with
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
रथाःchariots
रथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समन्तात्from all sides / on all sides
समन्तात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्तात्
परीतकालान्as if overtaken by death
परीतकालान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरीतकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
इवlike/as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
नष्टसंज्ञान्having lost consciousness
नष्टसंज्ञान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनष्टसंज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मोहोपेतान्endowed with delusion
मोहोपेतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमोह + उपेत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
FormGenitive, Singular
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
निशम्यhaving perceived/seeing
निशम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootशम्/शम (धातु) + नि (उपसर्ग)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययः, ल्यप्), Parasmaipada-usage

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
I
Indra
D
Daityas
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
K
Kauravas (Kuru troops)
T
tava putrāḥ (sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
M
mohanāstra
R
raṇabhūmi (battlefield)
C
chariots
H
horses
E
elephants

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how inner clarity and steadiness are decisive in ethical action and warfare: when consciousness and composure are lost—whether through fear, anger, or delusion—strength and numbers collapse into panic. It implicitly warns that adharma-driven conflict erodes morale and discernment, making one vulnerable to psychological defeat.

Sanjaya reports to Dhritarashtra that Dhrishtadyumna, enraged at the Kauravas, uses a deluding weapon (mohanāstra). Dhritarashtra’s sons become bewildered and senseless on the battlefield, and seeing them in that state, the Kuru forces—along with chariots, horses, and elephants—scatter and flee in all directions.