Shloka 13

अध्याय ८० — मध्यंदिन-रणवृत्तान्तः

Yudhiṣṭhira–Śrutāyu encounter; Cekitāna–Gautama clash; Abhimanyu pressure; Arjuna’s redeployment

Devanagari script

तत:ः शतसहस्राणि रथिनां सर्वश: प्रभो | उद्यतानि शरैस्तीव्रैस्तमेक॑ परिवव्रिरे

Transliteration

tataḥ śatasahasrāṇi rathināṃ sarvaśaḥ prabho | udyatāni śarais tīvrais tam ekaṃ parivavrire prabho ||

Translation

Sañjaya sprach: Dann, o Herr, umringten Hunderte und Tausende von Wagenkämpfern, zum Kampf aufgestachelt, den alleinstehenden Bhīmasena von allen Seiten, während er einen wilden Pfeilhagel auf sie niedergehen ließ.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• शतसहस्राणि: hundreds and thousands
• शतसहस्राणि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शतसहस्र
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• रथिनाम्: of chariot-warriors
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथिन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• सर्वशः: on all sides, entirely
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वशः

• प्रभो: O lord
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभु
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• उद्यतानि: raised, ready (for battle)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्यत
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• शरैः: with arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• तीव्रैः: sharp, fierce
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तीव्र
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• एकम्: alone, single
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• परिवव्रिरे: they surrounded, encircled
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + वृ (वृणोति/वृ)
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada

• प्रभो: O lord
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभु
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Bhīmasena
• rathin (chariot-warriors)
• śara (arrows)
• ratha (chariot)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights steadfastness under pressure: even when many opponents unite against a single warrior, the ethical ideal of kṣatriya-dharma emphasizes courage, composure, and unwavering effort in one’s appointed duty.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that numerous chariot-fighters, ready for combat, encircle Bhīmasena from all directions while he attacks with a fierce barrage of arrows.