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Shloka 19

धृतराष्ट्र-संजय-संवादः — इरावान्-आवन्त्ययोः युद्धम्, घटोत्कच-भगदत्त-संघर्षः, मद्रेश्वर-विक्षेपः

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Sañjaya Dialogue: Irāvān vs the Avanti princes; Ghaṭotkaca vs Bhagadatta; Śalya checked by the Mādrī twins

गुप्तं प्रवीरैलोकिश्व॒ सारवद्धिर्महात्मभि: । यदहन्यत संग्रामे देवमत्र पुरातनम्‌,द्रोणाचार्य, भीष्म, कृतवर्मा, कृपाचार्य, दुःशासन, जयद्रथ, भगदत्त, विकर्ण, अश्वत्थामा, शकुनि तथा बाह्लिक आदि प्रमुख वीरों तथा अन्य शक्तिशाली महामनस्वी लोगोंद्वारा मेरी सेना सदा सुरक्षित रहती है। ऐसी सेना भी यदि संग्राममें मारी गयी तो इसमें हमलोगोंका पुरातन प्रारब्ध ही कारण है

sañjaya uvāca |

guptaṃ pravīrair lokīśvaraiḥ sāravaddhir mahātmabhiḥ |

yad ahanyata saṃgrāme daivam atra purātanam ||

Sañjaya sprach: „Obwohl mein Heer stets von mächtigen Helden geschützt war — Herren unter den Menschen, kundig im Wesen des Krieges und hochbeseelt —, wurde es dennoch in der Schlacht niedergeworfen. Darin liegt die Ursache: unser uraltes Geschick (daiva), längst verordnet.“

गुप्तम्protected, guarded
गुप्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootगुप्त
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
प्रवीरैःby great heroes
प्रवीरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवीर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
लोक-ईश्वरैःby lords of the world
लोक-ईश्वरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootलोकईश्वर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सारवत्excellent, substantial
सारवत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसारवत्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
धीरैःby steadfast/wise (men)
धीरैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootधीर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
महात्मभिःby great-souled ones
महात्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
यत्which (that)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
हन्यतwas slain/was being slain
हन्यत:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Passive (karmaṇi)
संग्रामेin battle
संग्रामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
देवम्the god / the divine (one)
देवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अत्रhere, in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
पुरातनम्ancient, old
पुरातनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरातन
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Drona (Droṇācārya)
B
Bhīṣma
K
Kṛtavarmā
K
Kṛpācārya
D
Duḥśāsana
J
Jayadratha
B
Bhagadatta
V
Vikarna
A
Aśvatthāmā
Ś
Śakuni
B
Bāhlika
K
Kaurava army (Sañjaya’s side)

Educational Q&A

Even when power, strategy, and renowned protectors are present, outcomes may still unfold according to long-accumulated destiny (daiva), highlighting the Mahābhārata’s tension between human effort and the moral-causal weight of past actions.

Sañjaya reflects on the Kaurava side: despite being guarded by celebrated warriors, the army suffers destruction in battle, and he attributes this reversal to an ancient, already-set destiny.