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Shloka 11

Adhyāya 74 (Book 6, Bhīṣma-parva): Bhīma–Duryodhana re-engagement and afternoon escalation

समुत्पतन्ति वित्रस्ता रथेभ्यो रथिनस्तथा । सादिनश्चाश्वपृछठे भ्यो भूमी चापि पदातय:,वे सभी लोग ऐसे भयभीत हो गये कि रथी रथोंसे और घुड़सवार घोड़ोंकी पीठोंसे गिरने लगे तथा पैदल सैनिक भी पृथ्वीपर लोट-पोट हो गये

samutpatanti vitrastā rathebhyo rathinas tathā | sādinaś cāśvapṛṣṭhebhyo bhūmīṃ cāpi padātayaḥ ||

Sañjaya sagte: „Von Panik gepackt sprangen die Wagenkämpfer von den Streitwagen und stürzten herab; die Reiter fielen von den Rücken ihrer Pferde; und selbst die Fußsoldaten brachen zusammen und wälzten sich am Boden.“

समुत्पतन्तिthey leap up / spring up
समुत्पतन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उत्-√पत्
FormLat, Present indicative, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
वित्रस्ताःterrified
वित्रस्ताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवित्रस्त (√त्रस् + वि, past passive participle)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रथेभ्यःfrom the chariots
रथेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Ablative, Plural
रथिनःchariot-warriors
रथिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise / similarly
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
सादिनःhorsemen
सादिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसादिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अश्वपृष्ठेभ्यःfrom the horses' backs
अश्वपृष्ठेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वपृष्ठ
FormNeuter, Ablative, Plural
भूमौon the ground
भूमौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
also/and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso / even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पदातयःfoot-soldiers
पदातयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
C
chariots (ratha)
C
chariot-warriors (rathin)
H
horses (aśva)
H
horsemen (sādin)
F
foot-soldiers (padāti)
E
earth/ground (bhūmi)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how fear (bhaya) can overpower training and duty, breaking cohesion and judgment in war; it implicitly contrasts steadiness and self-control with panic that leads to collapse.

Sañjaya describes a sudden wave of terror on the battlefield: chariot-fighters fall from chariots, horsemen from horses, and infantry collapse on the ground, indicating widespread disarray.