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Shloka 9

Adhyāya 70: Sātyaki’s Arrow-Display and the Bhūriśravas Engagement; Twilight Withdrawal

भूतं भव्यं भविष्यच्च पूर्वमेतदकल्पयत्‌ । उभे संध्ये दिश: खं च नियमांश्व॒ जनार्दन:,भूत, भविष्य और वर्तमान तीनों कालोंकी सृष्टि भी पूर्वकालमें इन्हींके द्वारा हुई है। इन जनार्दनने ही दोनों संध्याओं, दसों दिशाओं, आकाश तथा नियमोंकी रचना की है

bhūtaṃ bhavyaṃ bhaviṣyac ca pūrvam etad akalpayat | ubhe sandhye diśaḥ khaṃ ca niyamāṃś ca janārdanaḥ ||

Bhīṣma sprach: „Er war es, der seit uralter Zeit den dreifachen Strom der Zeit — Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft — ordnete und gestaltete. Derselbe Janārdana erschuf auch die beiden Dämmerungsfugen (Morgen- und Abenddämmerung), die Himmelsrichtungen, den Himmel und die ordnenden Satzungen, die die Welt regieren.“

भूतम्the past (that which has been)
भूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूत (भू + क्त)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भव्यम्the future (what is to be)
भव्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभव्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भविष्यत्the present/coming (that which will be)
भविष्यत्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभविष्यत् (भू + शतृ/शतृ-प्रत्ययः, भविष्यत्)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पूर्वम्formerly, earlier
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
एतत्this (all this)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अकल्पयत्created, fashioned, arranged
अकल्पयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootकल्प्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
उभेboth
उभे:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
FormFeminine, Accusative, Dual
संध्येtwilights (dawn and dusk)
संध्ये:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंध्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Dual
दिशःdirections
दिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
खम्sky, space
खम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Root
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नियमान्rules, ordinances, restraints
नियमान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनियम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जनार्दनःJanārdana (Krishna/Vishnu)
जनार्दनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजनार्दन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
J
Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa/Viṣṇu)
S
sandhyā (dawn and dusk)
D
diś (directions)
K
kha (sky/space)
N
niyama (ordinances)

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts Janārdana’s supreme role as the cosmic organizer: time (past–present–future) and the world’s regulating structures (twilights, directions, space, and ordinances) arise from Him, implying that dharma and order are grounded in a divine source.

In Bhīṣma Parva, Bhīṣma speaks in praise of Janārdana, describing Him not merely as a warrior’s ally but as the cosmic creator and regulator, thereby elevating the battlefield context into a theological affirmation of divine governance.