Shloka 40

Arjuna’s Advance toward Bhīṣma; The Gāṇḍīva’s Signal and the Armies’ Convergence (भीष्माभिमुखगमनम् — गाण्डीवनिर्घोष-ध्वजवर्णनम्)

Devanagari script

ततोडब्रवीच्छान्तनव: सवनिव महारथान्‌ | एष भीमो रणे क्रुद्धो धार्तराष्ट्रानू महारथान्‌

Transliteration

tato 'bravīc chāntanavaḥ saṃniviṣṭān mahārathān | eṣa bhīmo raṇe kruddho dhārtarāṣṭrān mahārathān ||

Translation

Sañjaya sprach: Da wandte sich Śāntanava (Bhīṣma) an die versammelten großen Wagenkämpfer: „Seht, Bhīma, im Kampf von Zorn entflammt, streckt die Helden der Dhārtarāṣṭras nieder. Darum müsst ihr alle gemeinsam ihn rasch zügeln.“

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• अब्रवीत्: said, spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3, singular, Parasmaipada

• शान्तनवः: the son of Śantanu (Bhīṣma)
• शान्तनवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शान्तनव
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• महारथान्: great chariot-warriors
• महारथान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• एषः: this (one)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• भीमः: Bhīma
• भीमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: masculine, locative, singular

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुद्ध
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• धार्तराष्ट्रान्: the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas)
• धार्तराष्ट्रान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धार्तराष्ट्र
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• महारथान्: great chariot-warriors
• महारथान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīṣma (Śāntanava)
• Bhīma
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Dhārtarāṣṭras (Kaurava warriors)
• Mahārathas

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Unchecked wrath in war becomes a force that threatens order itself; leadership demands timely restraint and coordinated action, even against a single overpowering fighter.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma observes Bhīma rampaging against the Kaurava champions and instructs the assembled elite warriors to unite and quickly contain him.